Genetic improvement of vase life of carnation flowers by crossing and selection |
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| Institution: | 1. Niigata Agricultural Research Institute, Horticultural Research Center, Mano, Seiro, Niigata, 957-0111, Japan;2. Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 2-8050 Ikarashi, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan;3. Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, NARO, Fujimoto, Tsukuba, 305-8519, Japan;4. Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Funako, Atsugi, 243-0034, Japan;1. Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Research Centre, Pantnagar, P.O. Dairy Farm Nagla, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand 263149, India;2. Mutation Breeding Section, Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division,Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), P.O. Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India;1. Department of Horticultural Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran;2. Plant Breeding-Biometrical Genetics, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Ahar, Iran;3. Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran;1. Horticulture Dep. Faculty of Agric. Tanta University, 31527, Egypt;2. Current address: Biology Dep. Faculty of Sci. Taif Univ., Saudi Arabia |
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| Abstract: | We used conventional cross-breeding techniques to develop many carnation lines with long vase life and either low ethylene production or low ethylene sensitivity. Two cycles of selection and crossing to improve vase life led to a 3.6-day increase in mean vase life. All 39 selected lines had significantly longer vase life than the control cultivar, ‘White Sim’. In particular, second-generation lines 63-3, 63-12, 66-15, and 63-41 had a mean vase life of more than 15 days without chemical treatment. Measurements of ethylene production indicated that flowers of all second-generation selected lines had a greatly reduced capacity to produce ethylene. We screened three lines (515-10, 64-13, and 64-54) with low ethylene sensitivity. Evaluation by exposure to ethylene at high concentration showed that 64-13 and 64-54 were less sensitive to ethylene than ‘Chinera’, which is known for it low sensitivity. The vase life of these low-sensitivity lines was about twice that of ‘White Sim’. The extended vase life of selected lines was related to low ethylene production at flower senescence rather than to degree of ethylene sensitivity in young flowers. Ethylene sensitivity decreased with the age of the flower in many selected lines. The results clearly show that vase life of carnation flowers can be extended by crossing and selection. |
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