Managing subsurface drip irrigation in the presence of shallow ground water |
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| Institution: | 1. Water Management Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Fresno, CA 93727, USA;2. Kearney Agricultural Center, University of California, Parlier, CA, USA;3. US Salinity Laboratory, 450 Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA 92507, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;2. College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;2. College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;1. Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Toyama 939-0398, Japan;2. Research Institute for Humanity and Nature 603-8047, Kyoto, Japan;3. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan;4. Department of Bioproduction Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan;1. Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA;2. Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA;3. Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA;4. Genetics Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA;5. Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA |
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| Abstract: | A 3-year project compared the operation of a subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) and a furrow irrigation system in the presence of shallow saline ground water. We evaluated five types of drip irrigation tubing installed at a depth of 0.4 m with lateral spacings of 1.6 and 2 m on 2.4 ha plots of both cotton and tomato. Approximately 40% of the cotton water requirement and 10% of the tomato water requirement were obtained from shallow (<2 m) saline (5 dS/m) ground water. Yields of the drip-irrigated cotton improved during the 3-year study, while that of the furrow-irrigated cotton remained constant. Tomato yields were greater under drip than under furrow in both the years in which tomatoes were grown. Salt accumulation in the soil profile was managed through rainfall and pre-plant irrigation. Both drip tape and hard hose drip tubing are suitable for use in our subsurface drip system. Maximum shallow ground water use for cotton was obtained when the crop was irrigated only after a leaf water potential (LWP) of ?1.4 MPa was reached. Drip irrigation was controlled automatically with a maximum application frequency of twice daily. Furrow irrigation was controlled by the calendar. |
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