Irrigation management for optimizing crop production and nitrate leaching on grassland |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, España;2. Departamento de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario de San Juan, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, España;3. Servicio de Cardiología, Consorcio Hospital General de Valencia, Valencia, España;4. Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, España;5. Servicio de Cardiología, Policlínica Gipuzkoa, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, España;6. Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, España;7. Servicio de Cardiología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de León, León, España;8. Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España;1. Department of Agroforestry Sciences, ETSIA, Universidad de Sevilla, Ctra. Utrera km.1, 41013, Seville, Spain;2. Area of Agroforestry Engineering, ETSIA, Universidad de Sevilla, Ctra. Utrera km.1, 41013, Seville, Spain;1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Process, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;2. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;1. Ph.D. student at the Technical University of Cartagena, Spain;2. Aerospace Engineering and Fluid Mechanical Department (University of Seville), Spain;3. Food Engineering Department (Technical University of Cartagena), Spain;4. Engineering Department (Miguel Hernández University of Elche), Spain;5. Graphics Engineering Department (University of Seville), Spain;6. Ph D. Agricultural Engineer at Agriculture Service DP Jaén, Spain;7. Agency of Agrarian and Fishing Management of Andalusia (A.G.A.P.A), Spain |
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| Abstract: | Six supplementary irrigation management options for grazed grassland were defined and their effects on both agricultural production and nitrate leaching to the groundwater were studied. Data were available from the De Marke experimental farm for sustainable dairy farming. The calibrated and validated simulation models SWACROP and ANIMO were used to calculate the effects of the different irrigation management options on crop transpiration, and on water fluxes and nitrate concentrations for three fields of the farm. Comparisons with the common practice at the farm were made. A change in application volume from 25 to 15 mm per irrigation resulted in higher irrigation efficiencies and lower annual water use for supplementary irrigation with only small changes in the ratio of actual and potential transpiration (Ta/Tp). The advisory system ‘irrigation planner’ generally also resulted in high irrigation efficiencies combined with a reduction of water use and a small effect on the transpiration ratio. The different irrigation strategies had no significant effect on nitrate concentrations in the leachate from two dry fields studied. For the relatively wet field in this study an increase of irrigation water use would improve agricultural production conditions and reduce nitrate concentrations at 1 m depth. For the evaluation of environmental effects of irrigation management options it is advised to assess the actual nitrate concentrations and not only the water fluxes, which potentially cause solute leaching. |
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