杂交水稻品质改良的遗传基础和途径

阐述了杂交稻稻米品质的特点以及各品质性状的遗传特征 ,指出选育优质杂交组合必须以收集优质亲本资源为前提 ,并通过杂交选育、回交选育以及群体改良等手段加以改进 ,在创造出更为优良的亲本 (不育系与恢复系 )之后 ,采用优质亲本与中等或中等偏上米质的亲本配组 ,可以选育出适合广大群众所需要的普食型高产优质组合 ;采用优质亲本配优质亲本 ,可以选育出符合特殊消费和出口要求的高档优质组合

Genetic Basis of and Approach to Grain Quality Improvement in Hybrid Rice

The seeds borne on F 1 plants are expected to segregate for some characteristics except those controlled by maternal genotypes. From the Genetic point of view, in hybrid rice breeding it is easier to develop hybrids with high head rice recovery and intermediate amylose content by means of selecting proper parents; but to breed hybrids with no or little chalkiness, it is more difficult and required that both parents should have no or little chalkiness. In terms of quality hybrid rice breeding, first of all, the resources with fine grain quality, which can either be utilized directly or be used to develop superior parents (male-sterile lines and restorer lines) through crossing, backcrossing or population improving method, should be collected. To obtain popularly-acceptable quality rice hybrids, it is recommended to cross fine quality parents with middle of a little better quality parents; To develop high rank quality hybrids to meet the needs of special consumption and for exportation, it is necessary to select and use both fine quality parents.