培养基和培养条件对4个梨基因型试管苗生根的影响

试验以4种基因型梨试管苗为试材,在含有MS、ASH、1/2MS、1/4MS及不同IBA和蔗糖浓度的培养基上,采用前期光、暗培养各10d,然后转入有无活性碳(AC)和IBA的处理中在光照下生根。试验用L16(45)正交设计,通过生根率、平均根数、平均根长、平均株根鲜重和平均株根干重5个指标考查了基本培养基、IBA、AC以及光照对梨试管苗生根的影响。结果表明:IBA和蔗糖对于梨根的诱导是十分必要的,而在根的生长阶段IBA不是必需的;1.0～5.0mg/LIBA+5.0～15.0g/L蔗糖+0.5～1.0g/LAC组合下梨的生根率为75%～100%;前期暗培养能有效促进东方梨品种早酥梨和身不知根的发生,而对西洋梨品种巴梨和考密斯根的诱导效果较差。

Effects of media and cultural conditions on the rooting ability in vitro of 4 genotypes of Pyrus spp.

In vitro shoots of 4 genotypes of Pyrus spp. were taken as explants for rooting. Shoots were cultured on the basal media of MS, ASH, 1/2MS and 1/4MS with different concentrations of IBA and sucrose under light/dark for 10 days, and then transferred onto rooting media with or without activated charcoal (AC) and sucrose in light. Experiments design were orthogonal test of L16(45). Through investigation of the rates of rooting, average numbers of roots, average length of roots, fresh weight of roots per shoot and dry weight of roots per shoot, the effects of basal media, IBA, sucrose, activated charcoal and light on rooting of pears were studied. The results showed that both IBA and sucrose were necessary for inducing roots of pear in vitro. However, the lack of IBA could improve root growth. The rooting rate of 75%~100% was obtained on media supplemented with 1.0~5.0 mg/L IBA, 5.0~15.0 g/L sucrose and 0.5~1.0 g/L AC. The pre-treatment of dark promoted rooting of P. pyrifolia cv. Shenbuzhi and P. bretschneideri cv. Zaosu, but inhibited rooting of P. communis cv. Bartlett and Comice.