巴彦淖尔多胎羊在新疆库尔勒地区的生长适应性研究

[目的]对从外省（区）引进的巴彦淖尔多胎母羊在新疆库尔勒地区的生长适应性进行评价。[方法]以引进的200只巴彦淖尔多胎羊为研究对象,测定其在引入地的生长发育指标、主要生理指标以及繁殖性能指标,观察其脱毛和采食行为,并与当地绵羊进行比较。[结果]青年期和成熟期的巴彦淖尔多胎羊的体重、体高、体长、胸围、管围等指标均显著或极显著大于相应发育阶段的当地绵羊（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;6月龄巴彦淖尔多胎母羊的体温、呼吸频率、心率等生理指标均在正常范围内;巴彦淖尔多胎羊在1～6月龄未有脱毛现象,6月龄后会在每年的4月开始脱毛;其采食行为表现为采食范围广、特别耐粗饲、对饲草无选择性、能充分利用秸秆饲料的特点;巴彦淖尔多胎羊的发情周期、妊娠期与当地绵羊相比无显著差异（P〉0.05）,其受胎率显著大于当地绵羊（P〈0.05）,产羔率和双羔率分别比当地绵羊提高了43.5%（P〈0.01）和3.41倍（P〈0.01）,但羔羊成活率显著低于当地绵羊（P〈0.05）,难产率极显著大于当地绵羊（P〈0.01）。[结论]巴彦淖尔多胎羊在库尔勒地区具有较好的适应性,为引进巴彦淖尔多胎羊品种的可行性提供了试验依据,对指导肉用羊杂交改良具有现实意义。

Evaluation on Growth Adaptability of Bayannaoer Multiparous Sheep in Korla City of Xinjiang

[Objective] To evaluate the growth adaptability of the introduced Bayannaoer multiparous female sheep in Korla City of Xinjiang.[Methods]A total of 200 introduced Bayannaoer multiparous sheep was chosen as experimental materials. The growth and development indicators, major physiological parameters and reproductive performance indexes of the introduced sheep were determined, and their depilation phenomenon and feed intake behavior were monitored during the experimental period. The growth status of the introduced sheep was compared with the local sheep. [Results] The body weight, body height, body length,chest circumference, and cannon circumference of the adolescent and adult Bayannaoer multiparous sheep were extremely significantly or significantly higher than their counterparts of the local sheep（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）; the value of body temperature,respiratory frequency, and heart rate of the 6-month-old Bayannaoer multiparous female sheep were all within the normal range;no depilation phenomenon was observed in Bayannaoer multiparous sheep aging from 1 to 6 months, while depilation phenomenon was found in the Bayannaoer multiparous sheep older than 6 months in April every year; their feed intake behavior was characterized by wide range of food intake, high tolerance to crude feed, non-fastidious to forage grass, full utilization of straw feed; there were no significant differences in estrous cycle and gestation period between introduced sheep and local sheep（P〉0.05）; the introduced sheep had significantly higher conception rate compared to the local sheep（P〈0.05）, and the lambing rate and twinning rate of the introduced sheep was increased by 43.5%（P〈0.01） and 3.41 fold（P〈0.01） compared to the local sheep,respectively; the introduced sheep had significantly lower lamb survival rate（P〈0.05） and extremely significantly higher difficult labor rate（P〈0.01） compared to the local sheep.[Conclusion]Bayannaoer multiparous sheep exhibits good growth adaptability in Korla City of Xinjiang. The results obtained in this study provide identify the feasibility of introduction of Bayannaoer multiparous sheep in Korla City of Xinjiang and have practical significance for guiding the hybridization and improvement of meat sheep.