卧龙自然保护区菌食性隐翅虫及其寄主大型真菌种类调查研究

2015年7月至8月在卧龙自然保护区开展菌食性隐翅虫及其寄主大型真菌调查。采获菌食性隐翅虫标本共359头,经鉴定隶属于6亚科17属25种,两大优势类群分别为:前角隐翅虫亚科,6属9个形态种,占总标本数的56.2%;尖腹隐翅虫亚科,4属6个形态种,占总数的29.8%。共采集到隐翅虫寄生菌105号,隶属于10科14属26种,其中可食用菌16种,有毒菌7种,可药用抗癌菌8种;优势科为口蘑科和红菇科,分别占总种类数的23.1%和19.2%。对4科主要寄主大型真菌中隐翅虫种类α多样性分析,结果表明,口蘑科寄生的隐翅虫种类和数量都最多,具有最高的物种多样性(H’)和均匀度(J),其次为红菇科和小菇科;牛肝菌科中寄生的隐翅虫优势度指数(λ)最高,而物种多样性和均匀度最低。本研究调查了卧龙自然保护区菌食性隐翅虫种类及其寄主大型真菌种类,为进一步研究二者的互作关系奠定基础。

Investigation on Species of Fungi-feeding Staphylinidae and the Host Macrofungi in Wolong Nature Reserve,Sichuan Province

From July to August 2015,an investigation of Staphylinidae species and the host macrofungi was conducted in Wolong nature reserve.A total of 359 Staphylinidae specimen were collected,which were identified as belonging to6 subfamilies,17 genera and 25 species.There were 2 dominant subfamilies:Aleocharinae,6 genera and 9 morphological species,accounting for 56.2%of the total specimen;Tachyporini,4 genera and 6 morphological species,accounting for 29.8%of the total specimen.A total of 105 samples of macrofungi belonging to 10 families,14 genera,26 species were collected,including 16 edible macrofungi,7 poisonous fungi and 8 medicinal anticancer fungi.Tricholomataceae and Russulaceae were dominant families,accounting for 23.1%and 19.2%of the total species respectively.The analysis ofαdiversity of Staphylinidae species in four main host macrofungi showed that the species and quantity of Staphylinidae parasitized by Tricholomataceae were the highest,with the highest species diversity(H’)and evenness(J),followed by Russulaceae and Mycenaceae.The predominance index(λ)of parasitic Paederus in Boletaceaei was the highest,while the species diversity and evenness are the lowest.In this study,the species of fungifeeding Staphylinidae and the host macrofungi were investigated,which provided basic information for the further research of their interactions.