木材/无机纳米复合材料研究现状与展望

在纳米材料特征、制备方法、纳米复合材料等方面研究成果的基础上,国内外的学者对木材无机纳米复合材料进行了初步研究.研究表明,木材内部具有容纳纳米粒子的纳米空间,它存在于木材细胞壁上的微细纤维之间;并存在能与纳米粒子结合的活性基团;可用溶胶-凝胶法(sol-gel)、原位插层合成法、注入填充法等方法,形成木材/无机纳米复合材料;木材原有性能均能有不同程度的提高,甚至有可能产生全新的性能.基于木材的特点,以木材/无机纳米复合材料的工业化研究为目标,分析木材/无机纳米复合材料的制备、检测与分析表征的研究现状,提出研究建议与展望,主要包括无机纳米材料的筛选、表面改性和分散处理、纳米粒子与木材复合的途径和复合机理研究、木材/无机纳米复合材料的结构表征和性能分析及其应用研究等.

Present Situation and Prospects of Wood-inorganic-nano-composite Materials Researches

Scholars both at home and abroad have done lots of primary studies in wood-inorganic-nano-composite field, which bases on the research on the characterization of nano-materials, nano-composite and the methods of making nano-composites. The results show that there is some nano-space inside wood in which nano-particles can be accepted, and the nano-space exist in wood, such as those between the micro fibrils on the wall of wood-cells; and the then combined with the wood's main components, and also some active keys and groups in wood which can compound with nano-particles. And in methods so-called sol-gel, intercalation or immersing under pressure etc, some of wood's properties, especially mechanism ones will be improved in a great deal, and may even gain some new properties of the composites. The paper aims at the industrialization of wood-inorganic-nano-composites and considering the characteristics of wood,making use of the related studying results of nano-science & nano-technology (NST) into the wooden composite field. This paper analyzes and researches on the composite's preparation and measurement and characterization of the construction, and arises some supposals and prospect of the research including the choice of suitable nano-materials, surface-modifying, or pre-treated with some surface-activated materials, wood-inorganic-nano-composite will be gained; the present study covers the nano-particles' compounding with wood, the characterization of the structure of wood-inorganic-nano-composites, the measure of their properties and the their application.