油茶引蜂与人工授粉丰产研究

目的]研究7种处理(含对照)对提高油茶座果率的效果,以筛选出最有效的方法,促进油茶丰产稳产。方法]分析直接授粉、雄蕊花粉加清水5 kg、白糖0.25 kg加雄蕊花粉适量加清水5 kg、白糖0.4 kg加清水5 kg、蜂蜜0.25 kg加雄蕊花粉适量加清水5 kg、蜂蜜0.4 kg加清水5 kg、对照(自然授粉)对提高油茶座果率的效果。结果]白糖0.4 kg加清水5 kg处理的平均座果率达97.1%,蜂蜜0.4 kg加清水5 kg处理的平均座果率达94.7%,这2个处理效果明显;雄蕊花粉加清水5 kg、白糖0.25 kg加雄蕊花粉适量加清水5 kg、蜂蜜0.25 kg加雄蕊花粉适量加清水,这3个处理的平均座果率在81.2%～86.2%间,与对照相比,效果不明显。结论]在油茶开花授粉期,采用白糖0.4 kg加清水5 kg、蜂蜜0.4 kg加清水5 kg这2种方法喷树冠对提高油茶座果率有显著效果。

Study on Experiment of Lead Bees Pollination and Artificial Pollination for Camellia oleifera

Objective] This test used seven kinds of research methods to screen out the most effective way to improve Camellia oleifera fruit-set rate,and promote the stable yield of Camellia oleifera.Method] Analyzed the improving effects of direct pollination,stamens pollen add water 5 kg,sugar 0.25 kg and stamens pollen add right amount water 5 kg,sugar 0.4 kg plus water 5 kg,honey 0.25 kg and stamens pollen add right amount water 5 kg,honey 0.4 kg plus water 5 kg,control(natural pollination) on the fruit-set rate of Camellia oleifera.Result] The average fruit-set rate of sugar 0.4 kg plus water 5 kg was 97.1%,the average fruit-set rate of honey 0.4 kg plus water 5 kg was 94.7%,the two treatments effect was obvious.Stamens pollen add water 5 kg,sugar 0.25 kg and stamens pollen add right amount water 5 kg,honey 0.25 kg and stamens pollen add right amount water,the average fruit-set rate of the three processing was 81.2% to 86.2%,compared with the contrast,the effect was not obvious.Conclusion] In camellia blossom pollination period,using these two methods to sugar 0.4 kg plus water 5 kg,and honey 0.4 kg plus water 5 kg to spray crown can improve the camellia fruit-set rate significantly.