Response of wheat (Tritium aestivum) to low rates of glyphosate and glufosinate |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy;2. Departamento de Producción Agropecuaria, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile;3. Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy;1. Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation;2. N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russian Federation;3. D. V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation;1. Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea;2. Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 560-500, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Well-being Resources, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea;4. Graduate School of Biotechnology and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Youngin 446-701, Republic of Korea;5. Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 461-701, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark;2. Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Zoological Institute, University of Cologne, Zülpicher 12 Str. 47b, 50674 Cologne, Germany;1. School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia;2. Acid Sulfate Soils Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5064, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Field studies were conducted in 2007 and 2008 at Hamilton Farms near Lonoke, Arkansas, USA to evaluate the potential impact of sub-lethal doses of glyphosate and glufosinate on winter wheat (Tritium aestivum). Three wheat cultivars were seeded, and glyphosate and glufosinate were applied at 1/10 and 1/20 times the labeled dose at the 3- to 4-leaf, panicle initiation, and boot stages. Both herbicides caused significant injury to wheat; however, wheat response to both herbicides was different. Glufosinate injury occurred rapidly and consisted of mainly leaf necrosis. Glyphosate injury to wheat was minimal and manifested in the form of leaf yellowing. Glyphosate caused shortened flag leaf when applied at PI and reduced canopy height when applied at boot. Injury was minimal to wheat across all treatments, with the highest level of injury being 34% following glufosinate applied at boot. Conversely, wheat was most sensitive to glyphosate at the 3- to 4-leaf stage. Flag leaf length was reduced the greatest by glyphosate at PI, whereas glufosinate reduced flag leaf length minimally. Even though glyphosate injury was lower than that of glufosinate, yield was reduced more by glyphosate. Wheat seed weight and germination were not affected by either herbicide. Wheat appears to be slightly more sensitive to glyphosate with respect to yield; however, it is slightly more sensitive to glufosinate with respect to foliar injury. |
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| Keywords: | Crop sensitivity to herbicides Glufosinate Glyphosate Spray drift Wheat |
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