Biofumigation with the endophytic fungus Nodulisporium spp. CMU-UPE34 to control postharvest decay of citrus fruit |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Unión de Productores y Exportadores de Fruta del Uruguay (UPEFRUY), Rincón 487, Montevideo, Uruguay;2. Departamento de Química Orgánica, Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Aromas, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, General Flores 2124, Montevideo, Uruguay;3. Programa Nacional de Investigación en Producción Citrícola, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Camino al Terrible s/n, Casilla postal: 68033, Salto, Uruguay |
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| Abstract: | Forty-six fungal endophytes were isolated from Lagerstroemia loudoni. Only one fungus, identified as Nodulisporium spp. CMU-UPE34, produced antifungal volatile compounds. It produced 31 volatile compounds, primarily composed of alcohols, acids, esters and monoterpene. The most abundant volatile compound was eucalyptol. In vitro tests showed that volatile compounds produced by Nodulisporium spp. CMU-UPE34 inhibited or killed 12 different plant pathogens. In vivo mycofumigation with jasmine rice grain cultures of Nodulisporium spp. CMU-UPE34 controlled green mold decay on Citrus limon caused by Penicillium digitatum, blue mold decay of Citrus aurantifolia and Citrus reticulata caused by Penicillium expansum. Nodulisporium spp. CMU-UPE34 has potential as a biofumigant for controlling postharvest disease. |
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