化肥和有机肥配施生物炭对根际/非根际土壤养分和氮赋存形态的影响

阐明化肥和有机肥配施生物炭对根际/非根际土壤养分和氮赋存形态的影响,有助于农田氮的高效利用及科学管理。采用盆栽试验方法,设置不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(CF)、施有机肥(M)、化肥配施生物炭(CFB)、有机肥配施生物炭(MB)、新鲜有机肥配施生物炭(FMB)6个处理,通过测定根际及非根际土壤养分含量和土壤氮赋存形态,阐明不同施肥处理对氮形态转化的影响。结果表明：与CK处理相比,MB处理提高非根际及根际土壤pH0.32和0.28个单位,FMB处理提高根际土壤pH0.63个单位；MB和FMB处理分别提高根际土壤有机质含量25.37%和84.88%,同时显著提高根际土壤全氮含量25.42%和50.93%。配施生物炭(CFB、MB和FMB)处理能促进土壤非可转化态氮(NTF-N)向铁锰氧化物结合态氮(IMOF-N)和有机硫化物结合态氮(OSF-N)这两种活性更高的氮形态转化,其中IMOF-N和OSF-N分别占可转化态氮的35.85%~61.72%和26.65%~46.56%,是根际及非根际土壤可转化态氮(TF-N)的主要成分。因此,有机肥配施生物炭是改善根际及非根际土壤养分和调控氮转化最有效的方式。

Effect of Manure with Biomass Carbon on Forms of Nutrients and Nitrogen in Rhizosphere / Non-Rhizosphere Soils

【Objective】To clarify the effects of fertilizer and organic fertilizer combined with biochar on the forms of nutrients and nitrogen in rhizosphere / non rhizosphere soil, which is helpful for the efficient utilization and scientific management of farmland nitrogen .【Methods】Taking the pot experiment of lemon as the research object, this paper set up six treatments: no fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer (CF), manure (M), chemical fertilizer with biochar (CFB), manure with biochar (MB) and fresh manure with biochar (FMB). By measuring the changes of nutrient content in rhizosphere and non rhizosphere soil and the transformation of soil nitrogen storage forms, the effects of organic fertilizer combined with biochar on the forms of soil nutrients and nitrogen in rhizosphere and non rhizosphere were studied. 【Result】The results showed that compared with CK treatment, MB treatment increased non rhizosphere and Rhizosphere Soil pH by 0.32 and 0.28 units, and FMB treatment increased rhizosphere soil pH by 0.63 units; MB and FMB treatments increased the content of organic matter in rhizosphere soil by 25.37% and 84.88% respectively, and significantly increase the total nitrogen content of Rhizosphere Soil by 25.42% and 50.93%. Combined application of biochar (CFB, MB and FMB) could promote the transformation of soil non convertible nitrogen (NTF-N) to two more active nitrogen forms, iron manganese oxide bound nitrogen (IMOF-N) and organic sulfide bound nitrogen (OSF-N). IMOF-N and OSF-N accounted for 35.85%~61.72% and 26.65%~46.56% of convertible nitrogen, respectively, and were the main components of rhizosphere and non rhizosphere soil convertible nitrogen (TF-N). Therefore, manure combined with biochar is the most effective way to improve nutrients and regulate nitrogen transformation in rhizosphere and non rhizosphere soil.