水分淋洗下菜园土壤各形态锌的迁移转化特征

采用室内模拟降雨淋溶土柱的方法，研究了经过1年降雨的淋溶后，菜园土壤垂直方向上各形态锌的迁移转化规律。结果表明：锌的大多数形态很难随水分运动发生迁移，～年的降雨至多能使占总量0．57％的水溶态锌发生淋溶损失。水分淋洗和施磷锌平均能使分别占总量3％和4％的难溶态RES—Zn和OX-Zn向易被植物利用的EX—Zn、CABS—Zn和OM—Zn形态转化。随施锌量的增加，土壤锌的有效性指数增加30％～78％．有效锌总量增加3．12～10．07mg／kg。当施磷50mg／kg时，土壤Zn的有效性指数增加3％～28％，有效锌总量增加0．04～0．28mg／kg，磷锌在土壤中表现为协同作用。

Movement and Transformation of Zinc Forms in Vegetable Garden Soils under Irrigation Water

The simulative soil columns in the laboratory were used to research the movement and transformation of zinc forms in uprightness direction in vegetable garden soils which experenced rainfall of a year. Study shows that it was difficult for most of the zinc forms to move following the water movement. Rainfall in one year could make water soluable zinc loss no more than 0. 57 percent of total zinc. The easily absorbed EX-Zn,CABS-Zn and OM Zn could be transformed from 3 % RES-Zn and 4 %OX-Zn by the water movement and by the added zinc and phosphorous. Following the increasing use of zinc, the availibility index could be increased by 30% to 78 % and 3.12- 10.07 mg/kg total amount of available zinc could also be strengthened. Phosphorous and zinc could be more effective to the plant after adding 50 mg/kg phosphorous to the soil, furthermore,the availibility index increasing was 3% to 28%, the total amount of available zinc could be increased by 0.04-0.28 mg/kg too.