小麦定量化育种技术流程

为促进小麦定量化育种进程,运用系统论思想,将作物常规育种理论、灰色育种理论、同异理论及小麦主要数量性状遗传规律相结合,总结归纳出小麦定量化育种技术流程,包括定、配、选、比、审、用等六个基本环节。即运用灰关系分析或同异关系分析原理制定育种目标;运用亲本灰色分类或同异分类原理和杂交组合灰色评估或同异评估原理配制和评价杂交组合;运用单株灰色选择或同异选择原理选择单株或优系;运用品种灰色多维综合评估或同异比较原理进行品种(系)比较和品种审定;运用品种灰色布局或同异布局原理、品种灰色相似性栽培或同异栽培原理和病虫害灰色预测原理,科学、合理利用新品种。育种实践表明,该技术流程对于小麦新品种选育具有重要的指导意义。

Technical Procedure for Quantified Breeding in Wheat

In order to promote the progress of quantified breeding in wheat, the technical procedure of quantified breeding in wheat, including six basic steps of formulation, preparation, selection, comparison, approval and utilization,were summarized based on the systems theory, through combining the conventional breeding theory with the grey breeding theory, similarity difference theory and the genetic rules of main wheat quantitative traits.The breeding targets were formulated by using principle of grey relational analysis or similarity difference analysis; the cross combinations were designed based on grey classification or similarity difference classification of parent materials and the hybrid combination was evaluated using grey assessment or similarity difference assessment; the selection of single plant or good strains was conducted using principle of the single grey selection or similarity difference selection; variety (strain) comparison and variety approval was executed using principle of grey multidimensional integrated assessment or similarity difference comparison; the rational use of new varieties based on the principle of variety grey layout or similarity difference layout, and variety grey similarity cultivation or similarity difference cultivation and grey forecast of disease and pest. Breeding practice shows that the technical procedure could be of great significance for guiding the breeding of new wheat varieties.