不同类型弱春性小麦品种灌浆期的源库效应

在大田试验条件下,以不同类型弱春性小麦强筋品种郑麦9023、中筋品种偃展4110和弱筋品种豫麦50为试验材料,研究不同播期条件下小麦开花后叶源的光合特性和籽粒库的积累特点。结果表明,不同类型弱春性小麦品种在开花后0~14 d,叶片叶绿素含量、叶面积指数和净光合速率均维持在较高水平,14天以后开始有不同程度的下降。郑麦9023叶片的净光合速率强,平均高出13.1%;千粒质量分别比偃展4110和豫麦50高5.9 g和12.4 g,具有明显的"叶强粒重"优势。偃展4110灌浆期叶面积指数平均为4.16,比其他2品种同期高出24.1%;穗数分别比郑麦9023、豫麦50高出8.67%和24.01%,具有明显的"叶多穗多"优势。2品种籽粒产量达7 500 kg/hm2以上,播期对灌浆期的叶源性能和粒库指标具有明显调控效应。

Study on the Source-sink Relationship in Different Types of Weak Spring Wheats during Grain-filling Stage

The source-sink relationship was studie during grain-filling stage in different weak spring wheat varieties Zhengmai 9023(strong gluten), Yanzhan 4110(middle gluten), Yumai 50(weak gluten) under the field experiment conditions. The results showed that: the chlorophyll content, leaf area index and net photosynthetic rate had been maintained at a high level during flowering 0～14 d in different weak spring wheat varieties. These were declined after flowering 14 d with different degrees. Zhengmai 9023 wheat variety had a net photosynthetic rate which was significantly greater than the other two species, with an average 13.1 percent higher. Compared with yanzhan 4110 and Yumai 50, Its 1000-grains weight were increased by 5.9 g and 12.4 g respectively. Zhengmai 9023 was provided with "Leaf strong and grain weight" advantage obviously. Yanzhan 4110 showed the averaged leaf area index by 4.16 during filling stage, which was higher than the other two varieties 24.1 percent in the same period; The ear number was higher than Zhengmai 9023 and Yumai 50 by 8.67% and 24.01% respectively. Yanzhan 4110 was provided with "Leaf more and ear number more" advantage obviously. The grain yields of Zhengmai 9023 and yanzhan 4 110 were more than 7 500 kg/hm~2. The sowing date had obvious regulation effect on the source-sink relationship.