沙质荒漠化土地生物沙障结构与配置技术研究

自从1994年联合国防治沙漠化公约的颁布,受到世界各国的普遍关注1,2].目前,我国荒漠化面积已达174.3万km2,每年沙化面积3 436 km2.因此防治荒漠化是生态环境建设的主要任务之一.

Study on Structure and Combination Techniques of Sand-Stabilization Plants at Sandy Desertified Area

Based on the nature of the Kerqin sand land, the structure and combination techniques of sand-stabilization plants at sandy desertificed area were studied. The results showed that Mongolian sweetvech (Hedysanan mongolicum) was the best plant species for sand-stabilization, followed by yellow willow (Salix gordejevii);the best sand control forest type would be low and dense stand, with 0. 2-0. 3 wind penetration and 20-30 cm in height;the planting depthes of Mongolian sweetvech and yellow willow should be 60 cm and 80 cm; the best season for planting is at autumn (middle or late October) . The ecological sand-stabilization techniques could be extended in 5-30 m height shift sandy dune area in large scale, or at the shifting sandy land with 2% - 4% of water content. By using this ecological sand-stabilization techniques for controlling large sandy dunes, the vegetation coverage could be up to over 80% from 15% after 3 years, with the significant effects of fast controlling, good sandy-stabilization, and sustainable use of stands.