棉花正反交组合F1代性状的比较研究

按不完全双列杂交,以美国抗虫棉品种A1～A6为父本,国内常规棉品种B7～B12为母本,得到正交组合36个;以B系列为父本,A系列为母本,得到反交组合36个。2002年在湖南长沙、宁乡、南县、澧县4个实验点进行组合F1代产量、纤维品质、抗虫性等性状的正反交比较试验。结果表明:棉花纤维品质在正反交间无差异,棉花纤维品质性状遗传为非细胞质遗传;无论是子棉产量还是皮棉产量,抗虫杂交棉正、反交F1代间存在极显著差异,而且在构成产量的各个因子中,铃重在正反交间的差异达到了显著水平;从抗虫性方面看,正交组合的抗虫性稍好,其中对四代棉铃虫的抗性,正反交间差异达极显著水平。

Comparison of Characters between Obverse Cross and Inverse Cross of Insect-resistance Hybrid Cotton of F1 Population

According method of incomplete dial cross, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, and A6, altogether six insect-resistance cultivars were used as male parents, B7, B8, B9, B10, B11, and B12, six cultivars were used as female parents, 36 obverse cross were obtained; while 36 inverse cross were obtained used A series as female and B series as male parents. Comparison study on yield, fiber quality and insect-resistance was carried out in four trial spots, respectively, from Changsha city, Ningxiang county, Nanxian county and Lixian county of Hunan Province. The results are as followed: There are not prominent difference between fiber quality of obverse cross and inverse cross, showed that fiber quality maybe is not controlled by cytoplasm. Not only seed cotton yield, but also lint yield between obverse cross and inverse cross, the difference was prominent at 0.01 level, furthermore, among all factors effect yield, there are prominent difference between average weight of boll of obverse cross and inverse cross at 0.05 level. Insect-resistance of obverse cross is better than that of inverse cross; there are prominent difference between resistance on the forth insect of obverse cross and inverse cross at 0.01 level.