杂草稻后代主要耐冷性状相关关系

以红长芒杂草稻/龙粳11组合的F2系统为试材,探讨了杂草稻后代孕穗期耐冷性遗传变异以及与后代主要性状冷水反应指数CRI的相关关系。结果表明:F2系统群的孕穗期耐冷性表现为近似正态的连续分布,是由多基因控制的数量性状。杂草稻对冷水的反应较迟钝,优势在于冷水处理下结实率高、成穗率高、后熟快。通过杂草稻的利用,可以培育出孕穗期耐冷性较好的后代材料。在耐冷育种中,冷水处理下狭义遗传力高的性状为株高、千粒重和结实率等,容易通过对亲本的选择获得所期望的后代,低世代选择效果好。株高的冷水反应较迟钝的材料,一般其结实率和穗颈长的冷水反应也较迟钝;穗颈长的冷水反应较迟钝的材料,一般其结实率也较迟钝,在耐冷育种的性状选择上,在注重选择结实率高的同时,要注意选择在低温处理下株高和穗颈长冷水反应指数较高的组合和单株。

Correlation between Cold Tolerance and Main Traits of Weedy Rice Offspring

By using F2 systems obtained from long red arista weedy rice crosses Longjing 11 rice cultivars,the genetic variability of the cold tolerance at the booting stages of weedy rice filial generation and its correlation with cold-water response index（CRI） of several main agronomic traits were analysed.The results showed that the cold tolerance at the booting stages of F2 system showed near-normal continuous distribution,which was controlled by multiple quantitative trait genes.Weedy rice had a unresponsive response to the cold water,and the advantage lied in high seed setting rate,strong high spike rate and fast ripening under cold water irrigation.Through the use of weedy rice,the generation materials for stronger cold tolerance could be selected at the booting stages.In cold tolerance breeding,the traits of higher narrow-sense heritability as plant height,grain weight and seed setting rate in cold water irrigation,etc.It was easy to expect from the offspring by the choice of parents,low generation selection was effective.The plant height of materials was unresponsive in cold-water response,generally the setting rate and panicle neck length of the cold response was unresponsive too;peduncle long of materials was unresponsive in cold-water response,generally its setting rate was unresponsive too.On traits selection of cold tolerance breeding,while we focused on high seed setting rate,we should pay attention to selecting combination and single plant,its plant height and panicle neck length had higher cold water response index.