源于栽培种花生的EST-SSR引物对野生花生扩增的多态性

以花生属86份野生近缘种和3份栽培种为材料，利用从栽培种花生中开发设计的EST-SSR引物，分析其对野生花生扩增的有效性，探讨EST-SSR引物用于花生资源遗传多样性研究的适用性。随机选取235对EST-SSR引物进行筛选，223对EST-SSR引物均扩增出条带，有效性为94.89%，其中能检测到多态性的53对引物在89份资源中共扩增出238条带，包括206条多态性带。每对引物能扩增出1~12多态性带，平均3.89条，多态性指数为0.044~4.040，平均1.173。统计分析结果表明，89份花生种质材料间的平均相似系数为0.685，变异范围为0.442~0.976，在遗传距离为0.408处，分成2大组(A组和B组) 9小组，栽培种花生被聚在花生区组中，相同区组的材料基本被聚在一起，A. duranensis与栽培种花生(A. hypogaea L.)的关系较近，聚类结果与花生属的植物学分类基本一致。对含油量和基因型数据相关性分析和t检验发现，POCR437-180/170等6对标记可以作为含油量相关分析标记筛选的后备标记。用这6对标记的引物序列搜索cDNA文库和BLAST库，发现引物POCR437序列对应丙二酸单酰-CoA-ACP转酰酶和酰基载体蛋白的编码基因，这两种蛋白质参与脂肪酸的合成。

Genetic Diversity of Arachis Accessions Detected by EST-SSR from Cultivated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

The amplification efficiency and application potential for the research on peanut genetic diversity by using cultivars-derived EST-SSR primers in 89 Arachis aeecssions were assessed. Based on randomly selected 235 EST-SSR primer pairs, we detected 223 amplification bands in the 89 accessions with the amplification efficiency of 94.89%. Among them 53 primer pairs exhibited 206 polymorphic bands, which showed 1–12 bands per primer pair with an average of 3.89. The polymorphism index ranged from 0.044 to 4.040 with an average of 1.173. The average similarity coefficient was 0.685 among 89 peanut accessions, ranging from 0.442 to 0.976. The accessions from the same section were mainly clustered together, peanut cultivars were grouped into the section of Arachis, and A. duranensis had a close relation to cultivated peanut, which is coincident with botanical classification. According to the statistical analysis from the results of oil content and SSR data in wild peanuts, some interesting bands such as POCR437-180/170 were found to be potential for candidate markers related to oil content. BLAST analysis indicated that the alignment sequence of primer POCR437 corresponded to the coding genes of malonyl-CoA-ACP transacylase and acyl-carrier-protein, both of which are involved in fatty acid synthesis.