饲粮营养水平对妊娠及泌乳獭兔繁殖性能、血清生化指标及生殖激素的影响

本文旨在探讨饲粮营养［消化能（ＤＥ）＋粗蛋白质（ＣＰ）］水平对妊娠及泌乳獭兔繁殖性能、血清生化指标及生殖激素的影响。选用平均体重为（４．７３±０．４２）ｋｇ的经产母獭兔 １００只，随机分成 ５组（每组 ２０个重复，每个重复 １只），分别饲喂 １０．５ＭＪ／ｋｇＤＥ＋１８％ ＣＰ、１０．５ＭＪ／ｋｇＤＥ＋１６％ ＣＰ、１０．０ＭＪ／ｋｇＤＥ＋１７％ ＣＰ、９．５ＭＪ／ｋｇＤＥ＋１８％ ＣＰ、９．５ＭＪ／ｋｇＤＥ＋１６％ ＣＰ的试验饲粮。试验从母兔配种开始至仔兔 ４５日龄结束。结果表明：饲粮营养水平除显著影响断奶窝重（Ｐ＝０．０３６５）外，对妊娠及泌乳獭兔其他繁殖性能指标无显著影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）；饲粮营养水平显著影响妊娠獭兔血清谷草转氨酶活性（Ｐ＝０．０４３９）以及胆固醇（Ｐ＝０．０４７８）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（Ｐ＝０．０２５６）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量（Ｐ＝０．０２４８）；妊娠獭兔血清生殖激素未受饲粮营养水平的影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）；饲粮营养水平显著影响泌乳獭兔血清总蛋白（Ｐ＝０．０３６９）、尿素氮（Ｐ＝０．０４７３）、胆固醇含量（Ｐ＝０．０２３２）；除血清促黄体生成素外，泌乳獭兔血清其他生殖激素均未受饲粮营养水平的影响（Ｐ＞０．０５）。由此得出，饲粮ＣＰ水平在 １６％ ～１８％、ＤＥ水平在 ９．５～１０．５ＭＪ／ｋｇ范围内变动时，饲粮营养水平对妊娠及泌乳獭兔繁殖性能、血清生殖激素基本无影响，但会影响部分血清生化指标。

Effects of Dietary Nutrient Levels on Reproductive Performance,Serum Biochemical Indices and Reproductive Hormones of Pregnant and Lactating Rex Rabbits

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary nutrient [digestible energy(DE)+crude protein(CP)] levels on reproductive performance,serum biochemical indices and reproductive hormones of pregnant and lactating Rex rabbits.One hundred multiparous female Rex rabbits with an average body weight of(4.73±0.42) kg were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 20 replicates in each group,and each replicate contained 1 rabbit.Rex rabbits in the 5 groups were fed 5 experimental diets containing 10.5 MJ/kg DE+18% CP,10.5 MJ/kg DE+16% CP,10.0 MJ/kg DE+17% CP,9.5 MJ/kg DE+18% CP,9.5 MJ/kg DE+16% CP,respectively.The experiment lasted from mating of female rabbits to baby rabbits at 45 days of age.The results showed as follows: dietary nutrient levels significantly affected weaning litter weight(P=0.036 5),but did not significantly affect the other reproductive performance indices(P>0.05).The dietary nutrient levels had significant influence on glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase activity(P=0.043 9) and contents of cholesterol(P=0.047 8),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(P=0.025 6) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(P=0.024 8) in serum of pregnant Rex rabbits,but had no significant influence on serum reproductive hormones of pregnant Rex rabbits(P>0.05).The contents of total protein(P=0.036 9),urea nitrogen(P=0.047 3) and cholesterol(P=0.023 2) in serum of lactating Rex rabbits were significantly affected by dietary nutrient levels.The dietary nutrient levels had no significant influence on serum reproductive hormones(except leuteinizing hormone) of lactating Rex rabbits(P>0.05).In conclusion,when the dietary DE and CP levels are varied from 9.5 to 10.5 MJ/kg and 16% to 18%,respectively,the dietary nutrient levels have no influence on reproductive performance and serum reproductive hormones,but have influence on partial serum biochemical indices of pregnant and lactating Rex rabbits.