反刍家畜瘤胃微生物群体感应

群体感应(quorum-sensing,QS)是一种微生物细胞间的通讯机制,微生物通过分泌信号分子来感知细胞(群体)密度,并在信号分子达到一定浓度时,通过调节特定基因的表达来调控群体内微生物众多生理生化过程的行为.研究发现群体感应广泛存在于微生物界,并在调控微生物间的共生或竞争中发挥了重要作用.反刍家畜瘤胃适宜的环境(如恒定的温度、pH及充足的养分)为众多微生物的生长提供了良好条件,同时,这些瘤胃微生物在对营养物质进行降解时存在着复杂的共生、竞争关系.目前,研究人员经研究证实反刍家畜瘤胃微生物同样具有群体感应,本文对反刍家畜瘤胃微生物群体感应的研究进展进行了综述,并对今后该领域的研究作出了展望.

Rumen Microbial Quorum-Sensing of Ruminant Livestock

Quorum-sensing(QS) is a mechanism of intercellular communication between microorganisms.Microorganisms can sense the cell(population) density via synthesize signal molecules.Once a threshold concentration of signals was reached,population-wide changes of gene expression occur and finally result in modulation of a range of physiological and biochemical processes.Now,it is well recognized that QS widely spreads in microbial world and plays an important role in symbiosis or competition between microorganisms.The suitable environment(such as constant temperature,pH and sufficient nutrients) of the rumen provides rumen microorganisms a favorable growth condition,meanwhile,these microorganisms live a complex symbiotic or competitive life when degrading various kinds of nutrients.Until recently,several groups of researchers have confirmed the existence of QS in rumen microorganisms,here we reviews current research advances in rumen microbial QS,and pointed out works need to be done in the future.