饲粮蛋白质和脂肪来源对育成前期蓝狐营养物质消化率和氮代谢的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮蛋白质和脂肪来源对育成前期蓝狐营养物质消化率和氮代谢的影响。试验采用双因子试验设计,设植物性蛋白质(P植)和动物性蛋白质(P动)2个蛋白质来源,豆油(F植)和猪油(F动)2个脂肪来源,配制4种试验饲粮(P植F植、P植F动、P动F植、P动F动)。选取(55±5)日龄、体重相近的健康蓝狐80只,随机分成4组(每组20只,公母各占1/2),每组随机饲喂1种试验饲粮。预试期14 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:P植组蓝狐的干物质、粗蛋白质和总能消化率显著或极显著高于P动组(P<0.05或P<0.01),但蛋白质生物学价值却极显著低于P动组(P<0.01);F动组蓝狐的粗脂肪消化率极显著低于F植组(P<0.01),但氮摄入量、氮沉积、净蛋白质利用率和蛋白质生物学效价则显著或极显著高于F植组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。由此得出,蓝狐对植物性蛋白质饲料中各营养物质的消化率较高,但蛋白质生物学价值却极显著低于动物性蛋白质饲料,所以蓝狐实际生产中要想以植物性蛋白质饲料为主则要考虑氨基酸平衡问题;豆油的脂肪消化率虽较高,但猪油可以提高氮的利用和沉积,所以动、植物混合油脂的生产效果会更好。

Effects of Dietary Protein and Fat Sources on Nutrient Digestibility and Nitrogen Metabolism of Growing Blue Foxes

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary protein and fat sources on nutrient digestibility and nitrogen metabolism of growing blue foxes.A double-factor design was adopted in this experiment.Two dietary protein sources were plant protein(P plant) and animal protein(P animal),and two dietary fat sources were soybean oil(F plant) and lard(F animal),which were used in four kinds of experimental diets(P plant and F plant,P plant and F animal,P animal and F plant and P animal and F animal).A total of 80(55±5)-day-old healthy blue foxes with the similar body weight were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 10 males and 10 females in each group,and foxes in each group were fed 1 kind of experimental diets.The experiment included a preset period for 14 days and a test period for 60 days.The results showed as follows: digestibility of dry matter,crude protein and gross energy in P plant group were significantly higher than those in P animal group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),but biological value of protein in P plant group was significantly lower than that in P animal group(P<0.01);digestibility of fat in F animal group was lower than that in F plant group(P<0.01),but nitrogen intake,nitrogen retention,net protein utilization and biological value of protein in F animal group were significantly higher than those in F plant group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).In conclusion,for blue foxes,nutrient digestibility of plant protein feed is higher,but biological value of protein is lower than that of animal protein feed.If feeding blue fox with plant protein mainly in practical production,the balance of amina acids should be considered.Fat digestibility of soybean oil is higher,but lard can improve nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen retention.So the effect of production will be better when using mixed fat.