饲粮中添加不同水平L-精氨酸对妊娠母猪繁殖性能及血液生化指标的影响

本研究探讨饲粮中添加不同水平L-精氨酸(L-Arg)对母猪繁殖性能及血浆一氧化氮相关指标的影响。试验选择36头2胎次母猪(长白×大约克),随机分为4组,每组9头母猪。各组饲粮分别在基础饲粮中添加0 L-Arg+1.70%L-丙氨酸(L-Ala)(0 L-Arg组)、0.4%L-Arg+1.02%L-Ala(0.4%L-Arg组)、0.7%L-Arg+0.51%L-Ala(0.7%L-Arg组)和1.0%L-Arg+0 L-Ala(1.0%L-Arg组),各组添加L-Ala以满足等氮平衡需要。试验期从母猪配种当天到分娩。结果表明:1.0%L-Arg组比0 L-Arg组显著提高了窝产活仔数和初生窝重(P<0.05),随着饲粮中L-Arg水平的提高,窝产仔总数和初生个体重有上升趋势(P>0.05);母猪妊娠第30、60和90天,1.0%L-Arg组血浆中Arg、鸟氨酸含量均显著或极显著高于0.7%、0.4%、0 L-Arg组(P<0.05或P<0.01);母猪妊娠第90天,各组间的血浆脯氨酸含量均有极显著差异(P<0.01),但第30、60天差异均不显著(P>0.05);母猪妊娠第30、60、90天,1.0%L-Arg组血浆一氧化氮含量和第90天血浆总一氧化氮合酶(TNOS)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)活性均显著或极显著高于0.7%、0.4%、0 L-Arg组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。经回归分析,母猪的窝产仔总数、窝产活仔数、初生窝重、血浆中各氨基酸、一氧化氮含量及TNOS和iNOS的活性与饲粮L-Arg水平均有显著或极显著的线性关系(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结果提示,饲粮中L-Arg水平变化对母猪妊娠后期血液生化指标影响明显,饲粮中添加1.0%L-Arg对提高母猪繁殖性能效果最佳。

Effects of Different Levels of Dietary L-Arg on Reproductive Performance and Blood Biochemical Indexes of Pregnant Sows

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of L-arginine(L-Arg) with different levels on the reproductive performance and plasma nitric oxide(NO) related indexes of pregnant sows.A total of 36 Yorkshire × Landrace sows(2 parities) were selected and randomly assigned into 4 groups with 9 sows in each group,and sows were fed based diets added with 0 L-Arg+1.7% L-Ala(0 L-Arg group),0.4% L-Arg+1.02% L-Ala(0.4% L-Arg group),0.7% L-Arg+0.51% L-Ala(0.7% L-Arg group) and 1.0% L-Arg+0 L-Ala(1.0% L-Arg group),respectively,adding L-Ala to meet nitrogen balance.The experiment period was conducted from mating to farrowing.The results showed as follows: compared with the 0 L-Arg group,the number of piglets born alive and litter birth weight of all piglets in 1.0% L-Arg group were increased significantly(P<0.05),and with the increasing of L-Arg levels in diet,total piglets born per litter and birth weight of piglet had a tendency to rise(P>0.05).The Arg and ornithine contents of gestation sows in plasma on days 30,60 and 90 in 1.0% L-Arg group were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those in 0.7%,0.4% and 0 L-Arg groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The proline content of gestation sows in plasma on day 90 in the four groups were extremely significantly different(P<0.01),but those of gestation sows in plasma on days 30 and 60 were not significantly different(P>0.05).The NO content of gestation sows on days 30,60 and 90 and the activities of total nitric oxide synthase(TNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) of gestation sows on day 90 in plasma in 1.0% L-Arg group were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those in 0.7%,0.4% and 0 L-Arg groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Regression analysis showed that the total piglets born per litter,number of piglets born alive per litter,litter birth weight of all piglets born alive and contents of amino acids,NO and activities of TNOS and iNOS in plasma had significant or extremely significant linear relationship with dietary L-Arg level.In conclusion,it has obvious effects by changing the levels of dietary L-Arg on blood biochemical indexes of the late gestation,and it has the best effects on improving reproductive performance by adding 1.0% L-Arg in sow diets.