益生菌制剂对早期断奶仔猪生长性能和免疫指标的影响

本试验旨在研究益生菌制剂对早期断奶仔猪生长性能和免疫指标的影响.选用48头平均体重为(6.39±0.42)kg的(21±2)日龄“杜×长×大”三元杂交断奶仔猪,按性别、体重和窝源基本一致的原则随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复6头猪.试验1组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,试验2组为益生菌组,每kg基础饲粮中添加1×109 CFU活菌.试验期为21 d.结果表明:1)与对照组相比,添加益生菌制剂可显著提高断奶仔猪平均日增重(P＜0.05),并显著降低料重比和腹泻率(P＜0.05);2)与对照组相比,添加益生菌制剂可以显著提高仔猪断奶后第7天血清白介素-1β水平,显著提高断奶后第21天血清免疫球蛋白G含量、白介素-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α水平及回肠黏膜分泌性免疫球蛋白A含量(P＜0.05),空肠分泌性免疫球蛋白A含量稍高于对照组,但差异不显著(P＞0.05),粪便免疫球蛋白A含量及外周血T淋巴细胞CD3+、CD4+、CD8+及CD4+/CD8+无显著差异(P＞0.05).由结果可知,益生菌制剂可提高断奶仔猪的生长性能,增强早期断奶仔猪的免疫力,有效缓解早期断奶应激引起的仔猪免疫功能下降.

Effects of Probiotic Preparation on Growth Performance and Immune Indices of Early Weaner Piglets

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of probiotic preparation on growth performance and immune indices of early weaner piglets.Forty-eight crossed-bred(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshine) piglets with an average body weight of(6.39±0.42) kg were randomly assigned to 2 groups(control group and probiotic group) with 4 replicates in each group and 6 piglets with each pen balanced for sex,weight and litter origin.The piglets in the control group were fed a basal diet,and the others in the probiotic group were fed the basal diet supplemented with the probiotic preparation at a concentration of 1×109 CFU per kg feed.The feeding trial lasted for 21 days.The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the control group,when piglets fed the diet containing the probiotic preparation,average daily gain was increased significantly(P<0.05),and feed/gain and diarrhea rate were decreased significantly(P<0.05).2) Compared with the control group,adding probiotic preparation,on day 7 after weaning,the serum interleukin-1β(IL-1β) level was increased significantly(P<0.05);on day 21 after weaning,the serum immunoglobulin G(IgG) content,interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) level,and ileal mucosal secreted immunoglobulin A(SIgA) content were increased significantly(P<0.05);jejunal mucosal SIgA content was also increased,but not significant(P>0.05);the immunoglobulin A(IgA) content in feces,CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ and the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ of T-lymphocyte were unaffected(P>0.05).In conclusion,growth performance and immunity of weaner piglets are improved by dietary probiotic preparation supplementation.The probiotic preparation can effectively alleviate decreased immune function caused by the stress of early weaning in piglets.