EMS诱变小麦愈伤组织选择抗旱突变体的研究

以抗旱性差的小麦品种温麦6号和周麦17的花药愈伤组织和幼胚愈伤组织为材料，进行EMS诱变处理，结果表明：EMS溶液处理花药愈伤组织相对分化率近50%的浓度和时间组合为0.20%＋（2~6h）；处理幼胚愈伤组织相对分化率近50%的浓度和时间组合为（0.20%~0.40%）＋（2~4h）。将EMS诱变处理后分化的224株再生植株接种到PEG浓度为80g/L的生根培养基中，进行抗旱筛选，共得到13株抗旱植株，平均变异率为5.8%。花药愈伤组织和幼胚愈伤组织EMS溶液诱变处理的适宜浓度和时间组合为0.20%＋4h。

Callus Mutation with EMS and Drought-resistant Mutants Selection for Wheat

Anther callus and immature embryos callus from drought- sensitive wheat (Wen6 and Zhou17) were investigated using EMS as mutagens. About 50% relative differentiation rate dose of the mutagens were used as the selective indexes of optimal mutagen concentrations and treatment time. The combination of treatments were as follows: Anther callus treatment with EMS solution 0.20% (2h-4h); Immature embryos callus treatment with EMS solution (0.20%-0.40%) (2-4h). The 224 differentiation plants were planted in the rooting medium added 80g/L PEG, which were differentiated from EMS mutate materials, and 13 drought resistance plants were got. EMS mutation ratio was 5.8%. The best combination of treatment were callus treatment with EMS solution 0.20% 4h.