荔枝柔性去核刀具的设计与试验

为解决现有荔枝去核刀具存在去核成功率低，果核破损严重等问题，根据荔枝的物理特性和对去核过程的受力分析，研制了一种荔枝柔性去核刀。选取去核成功率、果肉果汁损失率、果核破损率为评价指标，在荔枝去核机上对影响刀具去核效果的关键结构参数和运动参数进行正交试验，结果表明，3因素中刀管内径对去核效果影响最大、进刀深度次之、刀轴转速影响最小；当刀管内径为10 mm，进刀深度为2 mm，刀轴转速为9 r/min时，去核刀对桂味品种荔枝（果核等效直径在6.4～14.2 mm）去核效果最好。该刀具具有适应性强、去核效果好、制造方便等优点，研究结果为荔枝灯笼状果肉剥出装置的设计提供了指导。

Design and experiment for flexible cutter of litchi denucleating machine

In view of the low denucleating rate and serious damage in existing litchi denucleating machine, a kind of four-blade nylon cutter was designed based on the analysis of litchi structure ,material characteristics and the stress state in denucleating process. Considered the evaluating parameters, such as denucleating success rate, pulp and syrup loss rate and stone breaking rate, orthogonal experiments were selected to test the machine. Results showed that, according to priority, the greatest three influencing factors order to denucleating effect were cutter inner diameter, feed depth and cutter shaft speed. The best test result was taken with cutter inner diameter at 10 mm, feed depth at 2 mm, and cutter shaft speed at 12 r/min. The cutter has strong adaptability, good effect and easy fabrication. This research has important meanings for the design of litchi denucleating machine.