5种农药在温室和露地番茄中消解动态及安全使用研究

为了研究北方设施与露地条件下啶虫脒、甲氰菊酯、三唑酮、乙酰甲胺磷、丙溴磷在番茄上的消解动态差异和安全性,采用气相色谱技术,在北方露地和冬春温室条件下分别测定了它们在番茄上的残留消解动态和最终残留量。结果表明:在温室条件下啶虫脒、甲氰菊酯、三唑酮、乙酰甲胺磷、丙溴磷在番茄上的原始沉积量为1.78、1.34、0.30、1.25和4.38 mg/kg,分别比露地条件下高36.9%、83.6%、66.7%、6.8%和162.3%;施药后1 d番茄上的残留量为2.67、1.62、0.42、2.05和5.18 mg/kg,分别较原始沉积量高50%、20.9%、40%、64%和18.3%。北方冬春设施番茄结果期按照推荐剂量使用三唑酮、乙酰甲胺磷、丙溴磷是安全的,使用啶虫脒、甲氰菊酯是不安全的。

Studies on Five Pesticides Degradation Dynamics and Safe Use of Tomato in Greenhouse and Open Field

Abstract: To study the difference of digradation dynamic and security of acetamiprid, fenpropathrin,triadimefon, acephate and profenofos on tomato under the condition of facilities and open field innorthern China, the residual digradation dynamics and final residue of five pesticides on tomato weredetermined by the method of gas chromatography technology under the condition of northern openfield and greenhouse in winter and spring. The results showed that the original deposition amount ofacetamiprid, fenpropathrin, triadimefon, acephate and profenofos on tomato in greenhouse was 1.78,1.34, 0.30, 1.25 and 4.38 mg/kg respectively, higher than that in open field by 36.9%, 83.6%, 66.7%,6.8% and 162.3% respectively. The residues on tomato were 2.67, 1.62, 0.42, 2.05 and 5.18 mg/kg afterthe use of pesticides for 1 day, higher than the original deposition by 50%, 20.9%, 40%, 64% and 18.3%respectively. The recommended dose of triadimefon, acephate, profenofos was safe during the fruiting periodof tomato in northern China winter and spring facilities, while the use of acetamiprid, fenpropathrin was unsafe.