广东4个地方鹅品种的遗传多样性分析

用磁珠富集法筛选的19对微卫星引物和从GenBank搜索12个微卫星引物检测广东4个地方鹅品种的遗传多样性。利用等位基因频率计算各群体的平均遗传杂合度(H)、多态信息含量(PIC)和群体间的遗传距离(DA),分析其遗传多样性。结果表明,31个微卫星引物中有25个微卫星引物在4个鹅群体中的多态信息含量均为中度多态,可作为有效的遗传标记用于各鹅品种的遗传多样性和系统发生关系的分析。4个广东地方鹅品种的平均杂合为0.611 9-0.672 7,均较高,最高的是乌棕鹅(0.672 7),最低的是阳江鹅(0.611 9),且杂合度的高低与PIC的大小体现了较高的一致性,表明广东4个地方鹅品种均具有丰富的遗传多样性;4个鹅品种被聚为2类:狮头鹅和乌棕鹅聚为第1类,阳江鹅和马冈鹅聚为第2类。

Genetic diversity of Chinese 4 indigenous geese breeds in Guangdong province based on microsatellite markers

In this experiment some microsatellite sequences for geese species were cloned by magnetic beads enriched method and the genetic structure of 4 indigenous geese breeds in Guangdong was studied using 19 developed and 12 searched microsatellite markers with middle polymorphism.According to the allele frequencies of 31 microsatellite sites,mean heterozygosity(H),polymorphism information content(PIC) and genetic distances(DA) were calculated for each breed.The results showed that 25 of 31 microsatellite sites were middle polymorphic,so the 25 microsatellite sites were effective markers for analysis of genetic relationship among geese breeds.As to the mean heterozygosity of the 4 breeds,the highest was in the Wuzeng(0.672 7),and the lowest was in the Yangjiang(0.611 9).The results of the heterozygosity were consistent with that of PIC,which showed that 4 indigenous geese breeds in Guangdong had higher diversity.UPGMA tree was completed through analysis:DA.Shitou goose and Wuzeng goose were the first group,Yangjiang goose and Magang goose were the second group.These results could provide basic molecular data for the research on the characteristics of local breeds in guangdong and scientific basis for the conservation and utilization of those breeds.