云南高原粳稻"十五"新选品种特性分析

根据对“十五”水稻品种省区域试验资料分析表明,云南粳稻品种选育在“十五”期间取得明显进展,品质育种主要进行特色优质米的开发,选育出多个特色米品种供生产示范和推广应用,优质米示范推广面积为354 700 hm2,而且基本解决了优质和高产的矛盾;高产良种平均产量水平比“九五”提高了10%左右,平均产量达9 000~10 500 kg/hm2,而且高产品种的品质得到明显改善,良种示范推广面积为711 826.67 hm2。整体抗性水平无明显提高。在品质改良中保持适度的穗数和粒重的前提下提高每穗粒数或结实率对兼顾提高产量和改良品质至关重要。

Progress of Japonica rice breeding varieties in ‘10th Five-year Plan’ in Yunnan plateau

Results from Yunnan provincial rice regional trials of 2002-2004 indicated obvious progress were achieved both in quality and high yield breeding during '10~(th) Five-year Plan' in Yunnan.In quality breeding,amour rice and soft rice varieties were bred and applied for 35 4700 hm~2 in production.In high yield breeding,the average yield of newly bred varieties increased by 10% compared with that in '9th Five-year Plan' and in the same time the grain quality was also significantly improved,with application of 711 826.67 hm~2.However,no obvious advance was attained in resistance to main diseases compared with that in last Five-year Plan.In quality breeding,on the base of keeping suitable number of effective panicles and grain weight,raising grains per panicle or seed setting rate was key to improve both the yield and grain quality.