现代林学、森林与林业

论述了林学、森林与林业近两个多世纪以来的发展和变化.林学经历了由传统林学向现代林学的转变.现代林学是以森林生态系统的营建、经营管理和利用为研究对象，以发挥森林生态系统的生态环境功能为核心，全面发挥森林的多种效益和多种功能为目的的学科.对森林的认识也经历了由单株树木到树木群体到森林生态系统的变化.由于对林学及森林认识的深刻变化，人们对林业的认识也就从长期形成的以木材利用为中心，转变到以发挥森林生态系统的生态环境作用为核心和重点，全面发挥森林的生态、经济和社会功能作为林业的指导思想和目标，以实现林业的可持续发展.

Modern Forestry Science,Forest and Forestry

This paper expounds the development and variation of the forestry science,forest and forestry neally in past two centuries.The forestry science in itself goes through a transformation from traditional forestry science to modern forestry science.The modern forestry science, with the object of studying the establishment,management and exploitation of the forestry ecosystem and the core of developing the ecological environinent function of the forestry ecosystem,is a subject that takes an overall play to the multiple benefits and function of forest.The cognition of forest also undergoes a variation from a single tree to trees group and still to forest ecosystem.Due to the deep alteration of the understanding of forestry science and forest,people begin changing their understanding of forestry from a central form of timber utilizing which formed for a long time to a form that takes developing the ecological environment function of forestry ecosystem as its core and focal point,and takes an overall play to the ecological,economical and social function of forestry as its leading thought and aim,so as to realize the sustainable development of forestry.