元江干热河谷地区农户生计与农地利用

为了揭示农户生计与农地利用方式之间的相互关系，采用参与式农村评估法、问卷调查和数理统计等方法，基于2013—2014年的农户调查数据，研究了新平县元江干热河谷地区4种农户的生计多样化、生计策略与农地利用状况。研究结果表明：以农为主非农为辅的多样化方式是研究区农户普遍采用的生计策略；为应对当前农业种植中存在的问题，纯农户和农兼户主要采取扩大种植规模、增加种植投入和从事非农活动的措施，而兼农户和非农户则采取减少种植规模和投入、实行农地流转和从事大量非农活动的手段。在作物种植上，纯农户和农兼户往往选择生长周期短、投入较多、管理复杂和经济效益较高的作物，而兼农户往往选择生长周期较长、投入较少、管理简单的作物。同时随着农户向非农户的转变，农地流转的进程亦进一步加速。

Livelihood Strategy and Farmland Use in Yuanjiang Dry-Hot Valley: A Case Study of Xinping County

In order to reveal the relationship between farmers’ livelihood and farmland use, methods including participatory rural appraisal, questionnaire and mathematical statistics were adopted to study livelihood diversification, livelihood strategies and farmland use of the four types of farmers in Xinping County of Yuanjiang dry-hot valley based on the household survey data from 2013 to 2014. The results showed that the combination of agricultural and non-agricultural strategies was very popular in the study area. To cope with the current problems in farming, pure agricultural and agriculture-dependent farmers mainly adopted measures such as expanding planting scale, increasing cultivation input and engaging in non-agricultural activities; meanwhile non-agricultural-dependent and non-agricultural farmers mainly adopted measures such as decreasing both planting scale and investment, engaging in farmland transfer as well as various off-farm activities. Pure agricultural and agriculture-dependent farmers would choose those crops with shorter growth period, more investment, complex management and higher value, meanwhile non-agricultural-dependent farmers would choose crops with longer growth period, less investment and simpler management. As farmers were transforming from pure agriculture to non-agriculture, the process of farmland transfer also accelerated.