植物免疫蛋白制剂阿泰灵诱导小麦抗病增产效果及作用机制

阿泰灵是我国自主研发的植物免疫蛋白制剂,能诱导多种植物的广谱抗性,并能促进植物生长、提高产量,但在小麦生产中尚未开展相关研究。2016年作者分别在山东省和河南省开展了阿泰灵对小麦抗病和促生长的田间试验,并初步研究了阿泰灵诱导小麦抗病的作用机制。研究结果表明,用400倍阿泰灵稀释液拌种,并分别在返青期、拔节期和扬花期进行1000倍喷雾使用,能显著提高小麦叶片的叶绿素含量、须根数和根系活力;对小麦纹枯病、白粉病和叶锈病3种病害的诱抗效果达到29.3%~64.9%;穗长、穗粒数和千粒重也显著提高,产量增加15%以上。阿泰灵喷雾处理小麦6叶期幼苗后12~24 h,POD、SOD和CAT防御酶活性提高45%,抗病相关基因PR-1、PR-2和PR-5也比未处理小麦转录表达提高10倍。以上研究结果表明,阿泰灵能有效促进小麦生长,并提高小麦抗病性;防御酶活性提高和抗病基因上调表达是阿泰灵诱导小麦抗病增产的重要作用机制之一。

Effects and Mechanism of Disease Resistance and Yield Improvement Induced by Plant Immune Protein Preparation ATailing in Wheat

ATailing is a novel plant immune protein preparation invented by China and can trigger broad-spectrum resistance,plant growth enhancement and yield improvement in a variety of crops.However,it remains to be clarified in wheat.Here,we performed field trials on wheat resistance and growth enhancement in Shandong and Henan province in 2016 and preliminarily investigated the mechanisms of wheat disease resistance induced by ATailing.Wheat seeds were coated with 400 dilution of ATailing and whole plants were sprayed with 1000 dilution of ATailing at returning green stage,elongating stage and beginning of flowering stage,respectively.The results demonstrated that content of total chlorophyll,number of fibrous roots and root activity were significantly increased and the disease resistance against wheat sheath blight,powdery mildew and leaf rust increased 29.3％～64.9％ post ATailing treatment.Meanwhile,the ear length,grain number and thousand grain weight were also remarkably increased,leading to more than 15％ yield improvement compared to untreated wheat plants.Furthermore,defense enzyme activity of POD,SOD and CAT increased by 45％,and defense-related genes of PR-1,PR-2 and PR-5 were also up-regulated by 10 times after spraying ATailing.Taken together,the results suggested that ATailing could promote wheat growth and improve disease resistance effectively.Increased defense enzyme activity and up-regulated defense-related genes are important mechanism of wheat disease resistance induced by ATailing.