荞麦、玉米、马铃薯淀粉凝胶特性的试验研究(英)

利用电子万能材料试验机对荞麦、玉米、马铃薯淀粉的力学特性进行了研究。结果表明：在一定范围内，随着淀粉乳浓度的增加，荞麦、玉米、马铃薯的凝胶强度、弹性模量和凝胶弹性呈线性增加，但凝胶弹性变化较小；同一淀粉乳浓度下凝胶强度由高到低顺序为马铃薯淀粉＞玉米淀粉＞荞麦淀粉，弹性模量为马铃薯淀粉＞玉米淀粉＞荞麦淀粉，凝胶弹性为荞麦淀粉＞玉米淀粉＞马铃薯淀粉。在淀粉乳浓度为20％时，随着NaCl浓度增加，3种淀粉的凝胶强度均有一定程度增强。在同一NaCl浓度下，其凝胶强度为马铃薯淀粉＞玉米淀粉＞荞麦淀粉，弹性模量为马铃薯淀粉＞玉米淀粉＞荞麦淀粉，对凝胶弹性的影响不大。

Experimental study on the rheological properties of starch gels of buckwheat, corn and potato

The mechanical properties of starch gels of buckwheat, corn and potato were tested with All-purpose Electronic Tester. The test results show that the gel strength, elastic modulus and gel elasticity of buckwheat starch, corn starch and potato starch increase linearly with the increase of starch concentration, while the increase trend of gel elasticity changes little. Under the condition of the same starch concentration, the gel strength, elastic modulus and gel elasticity of three different starches behave in different orders: the gel strength and elastic modulus of starch follows the same trend, the first is potato starch and the last is buckwheat starch; while the gel elasticity of starch order is reverse, the first is buckwheat starch and the last is potato starch. When the starch concentration is 20%, the gel strengths of three starches increase with the increase of NaCl concentration. Under the condition of same NaCl concentration, the gel strength and elastic modulus of starch follow the same trend, the first is potato starch and the last is buckwheat starch; but it has little effect on gel elasticity.