慈竹扦插苗移栽后不同时期的生理适应性

以移栽后不同时间段的慈竹扦插苗叶片为材料,采用石蜡切片技术观察叶片解剖结构,并运用苯酚-硫酸法测定相关的光合特性指标,以探明慈竹扦插苗移栽后对环境的适应情况。结果表明:随着移栽时间的延长,慈竹扦插苗叶片气孔逐渐减小、密度增大;叶片增大、增厚,角质层增厚,上下表皮细胞和泡状细胞面积增大,且泡状细胞下陷深入叶肉的深度加深,梭形细胞面积减小;净光合速率(P_n)增强,而蒸腾速率(T_r)降低;含水量和可溶性总糖含量减少,干鲜质量比、淀粉含量及淀粉粒数量增多。移栽后的慈竹扦插苗逐渐积累光合产物,植株对环境的适应能力不断增强,移栽3个月后的慈竹扦插苗与完全适应环境的3年生慈竹扦插苗的叶片结构和光合特性指标较接近。慈竹扦插苗在移栽后的3个月内需采取合理的管护措施,避免过度失水,以提高慈竹扦插苗移植成活率。

The physiological adaptation of Neosinocalamus affinis cuttings at different time periods post-transplantation

In order to investigate the environmental adaptation of Neosinocalamus affinis cuttings after transplantation,we used paraffin section technique to observe the anatomical structure of leaves,and the phenol-sulfuric acid method to determine the photosynthetic characteristics.The results revealed that with prolonged post-transplantation duration,the stomata of the cutting seedling leaves became smaller,although there were increases in stomatal density,leaf area and the thickness,cuticles,and upper and lower epidermis cells.Moreover,we observed an increase in the area of bulliform cells,which penetrated more deeply into the mesophyll,but the area of spindle cells was reduced.Furthermore,the net photosynthetic rate of leaves increased while the transpiration rate decreased.The contents of water and soluble sugars in leaves decreased,whereas the dry fresh weight ratio,the starch content,and the number of starch granules in leaves increased.We also noted a gradual accumulation of photosynthetic products in the leaves of cuttings with time following transplantation,which contributed to enhancing their environmental adaptation.Notably,the leaf structures and photosynthetic indices of cuttings observed at three months post-transplantation were similar to those characterizing 3-year-old seedlings.Therefore,reasonable protective measures should be taken during the first three months after transplantation using cuttings to prevent excessive water loss and enhance the survival of cuttings.