不同强度修剪对幼龄期油茶无性系生长及结实的影响

2004年冬在江西中部新余市设置两片油茶幼林修剪试验林。结果表明,在生长势良好林分中,修剪处理对次年春梢的抽生长度、次年新梢数量以及次年产量均具有显著或极显著影响,但对全年新梢长度及粗度,以及次年的花芽数影响不显著。修剪虽然对无性系间的新梢长度和粗度影响不大,但对无性系间的新梢数量、花芽数量及产量却有显著影响。修剪对亚林4号和亚林56号无性系有较好的促进作用,而对亚林27号无性系有较明显的抑制作用。其新梢数量分别比对照增加87.20%和6.47%,而亚林27号无性系则比对照低49.33%;次年结果数则分别比对照增加153.72%和5.49%,而亚林27号无性系则比对照低44.39%。在生长势一般的林分中,强度修剪明显抑制了幼林的生长。因此,油茶幼林修剪需要考虑无性系和长势因素。

Effects of Pruning Treatments on Growth and Yield of Juvenile Clone Plantations of Camellia oleifera

The pruning trials were established in the two juvenile plantations of Camellia oleifera located in the Xinyu City of the central Jiangxi Province in the winter of 2004.The results showed that there were significant or very significant differences for length of spring shoots,quantity of fresh shoot and fruit yield,but no significant differences for the total length of shoots,diameter of fresh shoots and quantity of flower buds after pruning treatment to the plantation with good growth.Although significant effects were not found for the length and diameter of the spring shoots among clones,but significant differences for the quantity of spring shoots,flower buds and fruit yield among these clones.The enhancing effects on growth were found for the clone Yalin No.4 and Yalin No.56,but negative effects for clone Yalin No.27 after the pruning treatment.The quantity of spring shoots for clone Yalin No.4 and Yalin No.56 increased by 87.20% and 6.47%,respectively,but for clone Yalin No.27 was less than 49.33%,compared with the control.The fruit yield for clone Yalin No.4 and Yalin No.56 increased by 153.72% and 5.49%,separately,but for clone Yalin No.27 was less than 44.39%,compared with the control treatment.The restraining effects of the heavy pruning treatment on growth were found for the juvenile plantation with medium growth.Therefore,the clone and its growth potential should be considered while pruned.