油棕育种现状及关联分析在油棕分子辅助育种中的应用展望

油棕年产油量4~6 t/hm2,有"世界油王"之称,是我国"十二五"规划重点支持的热带木本油料作物。我国每年需要进口大量的棕榈油,但国内的油棕种植业尤其是良种选育还处于起步阶段。关联分析作为一种快速挖掘遗传标记与作物经济性状间的关联的研究策略,在油棕分子辅助育种中有重要的应用前景。综述了油棕育种的特点、目标及现状,阐述了关联分析在多种作物育种相关研究中的应用实例,并对其在油棕分子辅助育种中的应用前景进行了展望,以期为油棕选育种提供研究思路。

Current Situation of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Breeding and Application Prospects of Association Analysis in Molecular-assisted Breeding of Oil Palm

Oil palm （ Elaeis guineensis Jacq.） , which produces 4~6 t/hm2 palm oil annually, is the king of oil crops in the world and also the emphatically-supported tropical woody oil crop in the Twelfth Five-Year Plan of China.China imports massive palm oil every year recently, but the development of oil palm planting industry （ especially the selection and breeding of its fine varieties） in China is still at an initial stage.As an effective research strategy for the quick scanning of the connection between genetic markers and economic traits of crops, association analysis has important application prospects in the molecular-assisted selection and breeding of oil palm.This paper summarized the characteristics, targets and current situation of oil palm breeding, expounded some cases of association analysis application in the breeding of several crops, and gave a view on the future application of association analysis in molecular-assisted selection and breeding of oil palm.