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| 几种解毒剂对烟草二氯喹啉酸药害的修复效果 | |
| 引用本文： | 彭耀东,钟秋瓒,申昌优,刘小平,肖先仪,曾浩,万树青.几种解毒剂对烟草二氯喹啉酸药害的修复效果[J].江西农业学报,2014(11):46-50. |
| 作者姓名： | 彭耀东 钟秋瓒 申昌优 刘小平 肖先仪 曾浩 万树青 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 江西省烟草公司,江西 南昌,330025 2. 江西省赣州市烟草科学研究所,江西 赣州,341000 3. 江西省烟草公司 赣州市公司,江西 赣州,341000 4. 江西省烟草公司 赣州市公司 瑞金分公司,江西 瑞金,342500 5. 华南农业大学 农药及化学生物学教育部重点实验室,广东 广州,510642 |
| 基金项目： | 国家烟草专卖局面上科技项目；江西省烟草专卖局(公司)科技项目“土壤中除草剂残留对烟叶生产的影响与应对措施”(201101003)。 |
| 摘 要： | 稻田过量施用除草剂二氯喹啉酸后,土壤中残留的二氯喹啉酸可致后茬烟草生长畸形,为减缓对烟草生长的影响,设计了不同的解毒剂处理,评价其解毒效果。设置不同浓度生石灰(375、750、1125、1500 kg/hm2)进行盆栽试验,从中筛选出对烟草二氯喹啉酸残留药害修复效果较好的生石灰用量,并在田间试验中比较与其他解毒剂(氨基酸水溶性肥料、腐植酸水溶肥料、微生物菌肥、微量元素可溶肥料)的修复效果。盆栽试验表明,生石灰施用量为1125 kg/hm2时,生石灰对烟草二氯喹啉酸残留药害有很好的修复效果。田间试验表明,微生物菌肥对烟草二氯喹啉酸残留药害一定的修复作用,但不能使烟草恢复正常。生石灰施用量为1125 kg/hm2时,其与施用氨基酸水溶性肥料、腐植酸水溶肥料、微生物菌肥、微量元素可溶肥料处理相比,烟株的叶宽、叶长、株高表现最好,采后烟叶产量和产值最高。前茬水稻田除草剂二氯喹啉酸施用过量时,建议后茬植烟前施用生石灰1125 kg/hm2并用水灌溉,以缓解烟株畸形症状。 |
| 关 键 词： | 烟草 二氯喹啉酸 药害 解毒剂 生石灰 修复效果 |
Remediation Effects of Several Antidotes on Phytotoxicity of Quinclorac to Tobacco |
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| PENG Yao-dong,ZHONG Qiu-zan,SHEN Chang-you,LIU Xiao-ping,XIAO Xian-yi,ZENG Hao,WAN Shu-qing.Remediation Effects of Several Antidotes on Phytotoxicity of Quinclorac to Tobacco[J].Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi,2014(11):46-50. | |
| Authors: | PENG Yao-dong ZHONG Qiu-zan SHEN Chang-you LIU Xiao-ping XIAO Xian-yi ZENG Hao WAN Shu-qing |
| Institution: | PENG Yao-dong, ZHONG Qiu-zan, SHEN Chang-you, LIU Xiao-ping, XIAO Xian-yi, ZENG Hao, WAN Shu-qing (1. Jiangxi Provincial Tobacco Company, Nanchang 330025, China; 2. Institute of Tobacco Sciences in Ganzhou City of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou 341000, China; 3. Ganzhou Tobacco Company of Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou 341000, China; 4. Ruijin Branch, Ganzhou Tobacco Company of Jiangxi Province, Ruijin 342500, China; 5. Key Laboratory of Pesticide ＆ Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China) |
| Abstract: | After the excessive application of herbicide Quinclorac in paddy field, the residue of Quinclorac in the soil can cause the growth malformation of the later crop tobacco.In order to reduce the influence of Quinclorac on the growth of tobacco plants, the author carried out pot experiments to study the remediation effects of different dosages （375, 750, 1125 and 1500 kg/hm2 ） of quick lime on the phytotoxicity of Quinclorac to tobacco, and screened out the appropriate dosage of quick lime with optimal remediation effect.Based on this, the remediation effects of appropriate dosage of quick lime and other antidotes （amino acid water-soluble fer-tilizer, humic acid water-soluble fertilizer, microbial fertilizer and trace element soluble fertilizer ） were compared through field tests.The results of pot experiments showed that the application of 1125 kg/hm2 quick lime had very good remediation effect on the phytotoxicity of Quinclorac residue to tobacco.The results of field tests indicated that applying microbial fertilizer had a certain re-mediation effect, but could not make tobacco plants return to normal.In comparison with the application of other antidotes, the ap-plication of 1125 kg/hm2 quick lime had the best effects on the leaf width, leaf length and plant height of tobacco plants, and ob-tained the highest yield and output value of tobacco leaf.Therefore, when Quinclorac was excessively applied in paddy field, 1125 kg/hm2 quick lime with water should be applied before planting tobacco. |
| Keywords: | Tobacco Quinclorac Phytotoxicity Antidote Quick lime Remediation effect |
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