城市化对郑州市土壤功能演变的影响

城市化快速发展不仅造成了自然土壤面积和类型的缩减，也导致土壤功能发生变化并通过土地利用方式的变化表现出来。本文以郑州市为例，通过研究城市扩张和土地利用变化来探讨城市化过程中土壤功能演化特点。研究结果表明：在过去的20年间，随着城市化的发展，土地利用结构发生着剧烈变化，城市建设面积不断扩张，水稻土土类和盐化潮土亚类消失，另外伴随还消失了2个土属和11个土种，一些特定的土壤功能消失；伴随着土地利用变化，土壤主要从生产功能、生态功能向土壤承载功能转换，其次为生态功能向生产功能转化。土壤功能这样的转换不仅增加了区域农业生产压力，也可能对区域生态环境产生不可忽视的影响。

IMPACT OF URBANIZATION ON SOIL FUNCTIONS IN ZHENGZHOU CITY

Rapid urbanization not only causes the decrease in acreage and type of natural soils but aslo leads to changes in soil functions which demonstrate in variation of land use. A case study of Zhengzhou City was carried out to probe evolution characteristics of soil functions during the urbanization through urban sprawl and land use variation. Results indicate that with the development of urbanization, great changes are taking place in land use structure. And as a result of the expansion of the built-up area in acreage, the soil group, like Paddy soil, and the soil subgroup like salty Aquent have disappeared, and so have other 2 soil genera and 11 species and some specific soil functions as well in the past 20 years. With the steady progress of soil alienation, the soil is changing its functions mainly from production and ecological buffer to load-bearing and secondly from ecological buffer to production. Such transformation of soil functions not only bring out pressure on regional agricultural production and food security, but also cause unnegligible impact on the ecological environment and human health of the region.