基于遥感的中原城市群区域生态资产评价

基于遥感中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）的植被指数（NDVI）、植被净初级生产力（NPP）产品数据和土地利用数据以及其他辅助数据，采用遥感定量模型评估了中原城市群区域在2000，2005，2010和2015年4个时期的生态资产价值，分析生态资产的格局变化及驱动因素。结果表明:①中原城市群生态资产空间分布不均衡，西南部的洛阳和平顶山生态资产价值占到全区的51.88%，东北部及中部的新乡和郑州占到全区的21.02%；空间上表现为以郑州为中心，高值区沿西南和东北方向发展、低值区沿西北和东南方向发展的“两线”发展态势。②生态资产价值表现为连年减少（-2.17亿元·a-1），单位面积生态资产总体上变化不大。空间分布上，郑州及以西区域（洛阳、焦作、济源）显著下滑，以东区域略有增长。③受土地利用方式变化、经济和人口增长的影响，区域内林地、耕地、草地面积缩减造成相应生态资产流失（46.62，8.81和2.52亿元），使得人均生态资产价值下降（13.4%）。由此认为，区域经济的快速增长需加强和生态环境之间的协调关系，同时针对不同城市的发展定位和资源特点，优化产业结构，严格用地；加强生态资产核算及生态补偿。图 4表 4参26

Ecological capital in the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration (CPUA) region of China based on remote sensing technology

With the acceleration of regional urbanization and the improvement of economic development, the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration (CPUA) regional ecological environment problems become more and more serious. It is imperative to this regional sustainable development to clarify the ecological capital and spatial pattern and further analyze its driving factors. Based on the ecological economics method, this regional ecological capital value of 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015 were evaluated by remote sensing model combined with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), normalize difference vegetation index (NDVI), and net primary production (NPP) data as well as other auxiliary data. Results showed that (1) ecological capital in this region was unevenly distributed, being mainly concentrated in the west and southwest (including Luoyang City and Pingdingshan City), and combined accounted for about 51.88% of the total ecological capital. Secondly, in the north-central section (including Zhengzhou City and Xinxiang City) aggregates accounted for about 21.02% of the total ecological capital. In Zhengzhou City, as the center, development of "two lines" consisted of a high value area to the southwest and northeast direction and a low value area to the northwest and southeast. (2) The regional ecological capital declined (-217 million yuan·a-1) from 2000 to 2015, but the ecological capital per unit area had no strong change. Central and western regions (including Zhengzhou, Jiaozuo, and Jiyuan) showed a strong downward move; whereas, the eastern region showed the opposite. (3) Under the influence of land use change, economy, and population, ecological capital of forest land, cultivated land, and grassland loss 4 662, 881 and 252 million yuan, respectively. Ecological capital per person fell by 13.4%. Zhengzhou City and Luoyang City, as the economic growth pole of the CPUA region, showed the fastest economic development and the most serious loss of ecological capital. Nevertheless, in the southwest and eastern regions, with slower development, regional ecological capital showed an inordinate upward movement. Overall, with rapid development of the regional economy, ecological environmental protection and governance were still important problems facing future development in the CPUA region; thus, this CPUA region should adhere to a green, environmental, low-carbon, intensive, and smarter development that promotes humanity and nature harmoniously.