The problem of induced sterility: A comparison between EMS and X-rays in Arabidopsis thaliana |
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| Authors: | M Mesken J H van der Veen |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Genetics, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands;(2) Present address: Foundation for Agricultural Plant Breeding (S.v.P.), Wageningen, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Summary The problem of mutagen-induced sterility has been especially studied in barley by Gaul, and in Arabidopsis by Müller and by van der Veen. Their results and conclusions are essentially confirmed and extended by the present Arabidopsis experiment, which compares EMS with X-rays.For a given treatment, M2-fertility is correlated with M1-fertility, but mutant frequency in M2 is equal for the different M1-fertility classes. It follows that efficiency in mutation breeding can be increased by pre-selection for fertility in M1, and by using doses which do not make fully fertile M1-sectors too rare.EMS is more efficient than X-rays by a factor 4 at equal M1-fertility, and a factor 3 at equal M2-fertility. As a result of difference in fertility spectrum, fertility improvement from M1 to M2 is better for X-rays than for EMS.A considerable load of diplontic sterility and of embryonic lethals (non-germinating seeds) is simply the toll one has to pay for the higher mutant frequency after EMS.Fortunately, part of the diplontic sterility can be pre-selected against in M1, and maternally conditioned embryonic lethals can be selected against by discarding seedlots from individual M1-sectors which show reduced germination. (M2-line selection may also be practised against recessive embryonic lethals and seedling lethals.) |
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