Heavy Metal and Nutrient Ion Accumulation by Two Black Gram Cultivars Treated with Copper and Lead |
| |
Authors: | Musalma Bibi Mumtaz Hussain Muzamil Saleem Qureshi Shabana Kousar Samina Ajaz |
| |
Institution: | Botany Department , University of Agriculture , Faisalabad, Pakistan |
| |
Abstract: | ABSTRACT A pot experiment was conducted to examine the uptake of nutrients (K+ (potassium) and Ca2+ (calsium)) and heavy metal (Cu2+ (copper) and Pb2+ (lead)) ions by leaves, seeds, and roots of two black gram Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] cultivars, ‘Mash-95018’(V1) and ‘Mash-97’(V2) treated with copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) at 25mg L?1 and 50mg L?1. This study was conducted in a greenhouse in the Botanical Garden, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan, during the spring of 2003. Heavy-metal treatments were applied 30 d after germination, and nutrient and heavy-metal ion uptake data were collected 10 d after treatment application. Both heavy metals in both cultivars substantially reduced nutrient ion accumulation and its translocation to seeds. Leaves had proportionately more K+ and Ca2+ than that recorded for roots and seeds after heavy-metal treatments. Nevertheless, both heavy metal (Cu2+ and Pb2+) ions ware predominantly sequestered in the roots, rather than in leaves and seeds, under their respective treatments. As the external concentrations of heavy metals increased, their uptake by the respective treated plants also increased, but nutrient ion (K+ and Ca2+) uptake was gradually reduced. This result suggests a concentration-dependent phenomenon. Overall, lead (Pb2+) showed more toxic effects on the uptake of essential nutrients compared with Ca2+, while ‘Mash-97’proved more sensitive to heavy metals than ‘Mash-95018.' |
| |
Keywords: | heavy metals black gram essential nutrients uptake sensitive |
|
|