乐业县有机水稻品种评价及生物有机肥用量研究

[目的]对几个乐业县有机水稻品种进行评价,并对其适宜有机肥施用量进行研究,以便减少投入,获得最高经济效益,促进农民增收。[方法]有机水稻品种评价试验共选用5个水稻品种,分别为丰优香黏、宜香2292、新香占、两优2186、八桂香。生物有机肥施用量试验所用有机肥配比为35%羊粪∶30%厩肥∶15.5%桐麸∶19%沼气渣液∶0.5%生物菌剂,其施用量分别为4 500、5 250、6 000、6 750、7 500、8 250 kg/hm2,水稻品种为宜香2292。[结果]有机水稻品种评价试验结果表明:八桂香产量最高,但食用时口感不是很好,品质不理想;亲香占是常规品种,产量太低,在目前市场前景不是很好、有机米的销售价格不高、利润也不高的情况下难以推广;丰优香黏抗逆性稍弱;宜香2292品质较好,产量也高,多年来成为有机水稻示范基地的主打品种。生物有机肥施用量试验结果表明:随着生物有机肥用量的增加,水稻产量也在不断增加;当有机肥用量大于6 750 kg/hm2时,增加幅度明显减小,说明投入增大,经济效益没有继续明显增加;当有机肥用量为6 750、7 500、8 250 kg/hm2时,产量很接近,说明施肥成本增加的情况下,收入没有呈正比增加。[结论]今后宜香2292将继续成为有机水稻种植的重要品种之一。6 750 kg/hm2有机肥用量为最佳的施肥用量,投入产出比最大。

Evaluation of Organic Rice Varieties and Study of Bio-organic Fertilizer Application Amount in Leye County

[ Objective ] The aim was to evaluate several organic rice varieties of Leye County, and study the suitable bio-organic fertilizer appli- cation amount, to reduce the input, gain the highest economic benefit and then increase farmer income. [ Method ] In organic rice varieties evalu- ation test, 5 rice varieties were selected, which was Fengyouxiangnian, Yixiang 2292, Xinxiangzhan, Liangyou 2186, Baguixiang resp.. In bio- organic fertilizer application amount test, the organic fertilizer was 35% sheep dung： 30.0% yard manure： 15.5% Clerodendrunm japonicum bran： 19.0% biogas sludge and broth： 0.5% biological agent, and its amount was 4 500, 5 250, 6 000, 6 750, 7 500, 8 250 kg/hm2 resp. , the rice variety was Yixiang 2292. [ Result ] The organic rice varieties evaluation test results were as follows： Baguixiang＇ s yield was the highest, but its taste was not very g6od and its＇ quality was unsatisfactory ; Qinxiangzhan was normal variety, and yield was very low, it was difficult to pro- mote because of the situation of market prospect was not good present, organic rice＇ s sales price and profit was both not high ; Fengyouxiangnian was a little weak resistance to stress ; Yixiang 2292＇ a quality was better and yield was high, so it was the main variety of the organic rice demon- stration base for the past many years. The bio-organic fertilizer application amount test results were as follows： With the increase of bio-organic fertilizer application amount, the rice yield was rose gradually. When its application amount was more than 6 750 kg/hmz, the yield＇ s increase rate reduced obviously, showed that the economic profit do not go on to rose evidently with the input increased; When its application amount was 6 750, 7 500, 8 250 kg/hm^2, the yield was close, showed that the income did not rise proportionally with the increase of application fertilizer cost. [ Conclusion] Yixiang 2292 goes on to become one of the important organic rice varieties in future, 6 750 kg/hm2 is the best bio-organic fertilizer application amount and the the ratio of input to output is the biggest.