稻米直链淀粉和蛋白质含量对糙米重与外观品质性状间遗传相关性的影响

利用7个籼型不育系和5个籼型恢复系按不完全双列杂交方式配制杂交组合，采用包括胚乳、细胞质和母体植株基因效应的非条件和条件分析方法，研究了稻米直链淀粉和蛋白质含量对糙米重、稻米外观品质性状间遗传相关性的影响。结果表明，糙米重与稻米直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量之间存在着显著或极显著的相关性，可以利用条件分析的方法排除直链淀粉含量或蛋白质含量对糙米重的影响，进而深入分析糙米重与稻米外观品质性状间存在的真实遗传相关性。条件分析结果表明，直链淀粉含量的表现会增大糙米重与糙米长、糙米宽、糙米厚间的基因型相关性，降低糙米重与糙米长宽比、糙米长厚比间的基因型相关性；蛋白质含量的表现除了对糙米重与糙米长厚比间的遗传相关性影响不大外，其他与直链淀粉含量的表现相反。不同遗传体系的条件相关分量表明，当排除了直链淀粉含量或蛋白质含量对糙米重的影响后，糙米重与外观品质成对性状间的条件相关分量会产生与非条件分析结果明显不同的变化，其中以细胞质主效应相关、母体加性主效应相关以及相应的环境互作相关等尤为明显。

Impacts of Amylose Content or Protein Content on Genetic Correlations Between the Weight of Brown Rice and Appearance Quality Traits of Rice

A factorial mating design in two environments was conducted by using seven cytoplasm male sterile lines (A) and five restorer lines (R) along with their F1 (A×R) and F2. The unconditional and conditional genetic models and the corresponding statistic methods, including endosperm, cytoplasmic and maternal plant genetic effects, were used for revealing the influences of amylose content (AC) and protein content (PC) of rice to the genetic relationships between the weight of brown rice (WBR) and the appearance quality traits of indica rice (Oryza sativa L.). There were significant relationships between WBR and AC or PC of rice, and the conditional analysis method could be used to exclude the influences of AC and PC to WBR for revealing the real genetic relationships of the pairwise traits. The results from the conditional analysis indicated that AC could positively increase the genetic correlations between WBR and the brown rice length (BRL), the brown rice width (BRW), and the brown rice thickness (BRT), but decrease the genetic correlations between WBR and the ratio of brown rice length to width (RLW) and the ratio of brown rice length to thickness (RLT). PC could decrease the genetic correlations between WBR and BRL, BRW or BRT, and enhance the genetic correlation between WBR and RLW, but there was no visible influence for the genetic correlation between WBR and RLT. After excluding the influence of AC or PC to BRW, the correlation components from the different genetic systems showed that the visible differences could be found between WBR and the appearance quality traits of rice, especially for the cytoplasmic and the maternal additive main effects and their genotype×environment (GE) interaction effects, when compared with the results from the unconditional analysis.