云南省不同环境对二棱大麦产量及产量构成因素的影响

对2004至2007年云南省22品种次的二棱大麦在云南省(高、中、低)3个不同海拔环境下进行产量构成因素变化及其与产量的相关分析和通径分析。结果表明产量、有效穗、千粒重和生育期在不同环境下差异达到极显著水平,穗粒数和株高差异不显著;平均产量在低海拔环境最高,高海拔环境下最低;在低海拔环境下,有效穗和千粒重都显著高于其它两个环境,生育期在高海拔环境下最长,平均比低海拔环境下长2d。相关分析表明在高海拔环境下产量构成三因素与产量的相关性大小为有效穗>千粒重>穗粒数,且穗粒数与产量负相关;在中海拔环境下穗粒数>有效穗>千粒重;低海拔环境下则为千粒重>有效穗>穗粒数。通径分析表明在中海拔环境下穗粒数对产量的直接效应最大,其余环境都是千粒重的直接效应最大;而在高海拔环境下穗粒数对产量的直接效应为负值。

Effect of Different Environment on yield and Yield Components of 2-Rowed Barley in Yunnan Province

From 2004 to 2007,twenty-two entries 2-rowed barley introduced from International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)were put into the Regional Yield Trial in 6 locations with 10 lines every year by a run-in and run-out design.The results showed that the average yield was highest under lower altitude condition,while lowest under higher altitude cnoditions.As for the yield components and relative traits,the number of spikes per area and 1000 grain weight were significantly higher under lower altitude than under other two conditions,while the growth duration was reverse.The analysis of correlation showed that the ranks of the coefficient of yield components to grain yield was spikes per area >1000 grain weight > grains per spike,grains per spike > spikes per area > 1000 grain weight,1000 grain weight > spikes per area >grains per spike under high,middle and low altitude,respectively,and under high altitude condition the correlation of grains per spike and grain yield was negative.The path coefficient showed that under middle altitude condition the grains per spike had the highest direct effect to yield,and the direct effect of grains per spike to grain yield was negative,while under another conditions it is 1000 grain weight which had the highest direct effect to grain yield,All above results indicated that the contribution of each yield component to grain yield changed along with the change of environments where the two rowed barley was grown.