覆膜旱作水稻生育特点及其适宜栽培技术的研究

对覆膜旱作水稻栽培措施进行了研究，结果表明：覆膜旱作水稻分蘖持续时间长，分蘖旺盛，分蘖苗多但成穗率低，平均５０％左右；旱作水分胁迫光合生长，全生育期延长半个月以上；与同等肥力水平水作相比，旱作水稻平均每穗粒数减少１０粒以上，每穗实粒数减少１５．９～１９．６粒，千粒重下降１．２～１．５ｇ，最终减产２０％左右，且减产幅度随稀植程度增大而加剧。旱作每公顷产谷７５００ｋｇ（以上）的栽培条件是：施纯氮１８０．０ｋｇ，Ｎ∶Ｐ∶Ｋ约３∶１∶２，栽插密度１０．５万穴／ｈｍ２，双本栽，在此基础上适当增施氮肥和提高栽插基本苗数可提高产量。

Study on Rice Growth Characteristics under Dry-land Cultivation and lts Culture Technique

The experimental results showed that rice growth characteristics under dry cultivation soil covered by thin plastics were as follow:the stage of tillering continued for a long time,tillers were exuberant,effective panicles per plant were increased too,but the percentage of productive tiller was low(about 50%);the whole growth period postponed more 15 days due to water stress; the number of grain per panicle decreased 10.5～10.8 grains,filled grain per panicle reduced 15.9～19.6 grains.1000grains weight lightened 1.2￣1.5g and reduction of output was about 20%chiefly due to reduction of the effective panicles.The proper culture techniqnue for over 7 500kg/hm 2 was that the amount of pure nitrogen applied was 180kg,(N∶P∶K=3∶1∶2)and number of basic seeding was 21×10 4.