远缘杂交棉花品种石远321的选育研究

用海岛棉(G.barbadense)、野生瑟伯氏棉(G.thurberi)、陆地棉(G.hirsutum)进行杂交,通过对杂交铃喷(滴)GA3(50 mg/kg)、NAA(40mg/kg)、杂种胚离体培养,试管内染色体加倍,克服了杂交后代的不亲和性及杂种不育性,杂种后代各种性状长期疯狂分离性,对获得的种间杂种进行回交转育,南繁北育,异地鉴定,经20个世代选育成棉花新品种“石远321”。它是3个棉种远缘杂交育成的第1个三元(HBT)杂交新品种,在国内、国际文献中未见有育成同类品种的报道。1993~1994年国家黄河流域棉花品种区域试验中,“石远321”霜前皮棉885 kg/hm2,比对照“中棉所12号”增产19.7%,是1982~2000年19年间家黄河流域棉花品种区域试验中霜前皮棉增产幅度最大的一个品种。该品种2001年获国家科技进步二等奖。

Study on Selection and Breeding of Distant Hybridization Cotton Variety Shiyuan 321

Using G.barbadense G.thurberi and G.hirsutum crossing through distant hybridization of cotton,By dropping GA_3(50?mg/kg) and NAA(40?mg/kg)on the pollinated flower,hybrid embryo culture,and in Vitro Colchicine treatment,backcrossing to the hybrid,through continual selecting and breeding,cultivate cotton new variety Shiyuan 321 through 20 generation.It's seed yield and lint yield and prefrose lint yield is the first of all the test varieties in the cotton regional test for the Yellow River Valley in 1993～1994.Its mean prefrost lint yield were 885?kg/hm~2,19.7% higher than those of control "Zhongmiansuo"12 respectively,it is the largest variety of prefrost lint yield than the control in the cotton regional test for the Yellow River Valley between 1982-2000.This item was awarded the second prize of S&T progress in the nation in 2001.