国内主要绵羊品种基于染色体核型进化距离的聚类分析

收集国内10个主要绵羊品种包括藏系绵羊、乌珠穆沁羊、青海细毛羊、河南小尾寒羊、蒙古羊、东北细毛羊、同羊、兰州大尾羊、湖羊、滩羊(贺兰山及盐池)等的染色体核型数据,进行核型进化距离的计算,并采用最短距离聚类分析法进行聚类分析.结果表明:10个绵羊品种可分为2大类群,即蒙古羊系和藏羊系,两大类群在最短距离为1.131 2处相聚.归人蒙古羊系的有8个品种.蒙古羊与兰州大尾羊在最短距离为0.095 2处首先聚为一类;贺兰山滩羊、盐池滩羊、河南小尾寒羊在最短距离为0.120 0处相聚;湖羊在最短距离为0.242 4处与前述品种相聚而成为一小类,东北细毛羊、同羊、乌珠穆沁羊分别在最短距离为0.339 8、0.339 8、0.568 7处与前述品种聚为一大类.归入藏羊系的有青海细毛羊和藏系绵羊,青海细毛羊在最短距离为0.967 5处与藏系绵羊聚为一大类.所得结果与品种起源进化、产地分布大致相同,为国内主要绵羊品种的分类和演化提供了细胞学依据.

The cluster analysis of karyotype evolutionary distance in native sheep

The karyotype data of ten native sheep were collected to cluster analysis,which included Zang sheep,Ujumqin sheep,Qinghai wool sheep,Henan small tailed han sheep,Mongolian sheep,Dongbei wool sheep,Tong sheep,Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep,Hu sheep,Tan(Helanshan and Yanchi)sheep.Based on the cluster analysis of the karyotype evolutionary distance,the ten native sheeps were clustered two categories,the system Mongolian and the systems Zang.The two systems were clustered together at NMD(normalized minimum distance)=1.131 2.The system Mongolian included eight species.Mongolian and Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep were clustered together earlier(NMD=0.095 2);Helanshan tan sheep,Yanchi tan sheep and Henan small-tailed han sheep were clustered together(NMD=0.120 0); And Hu sheep was clustered into this group(NMD=0.242 4).Dongbei wool sheep,Tong sheep and Ujumqin sheep were clustered into this group at NMD=0.339 8.0.339 8,0.568 7.The system Zang included two species.Qinghai wool sheep and Zang sheep were clustered together at NMD=0.416 0.This result was approximately uniform to original areas,distribution and had some scientific value.