晚播冬小麦高产栽培生育特点的初步研究

本文用两年时间采用大区试验的研究方法,对晚播冬小麦高产栽培下的生育特点进行了研究,初步探明了以下几点:前期生长发育慢,中后期生长发育快,抽穗期提前,晚种不晚熟;个体小,株型紧凑,基部一、二节间短,穗下节间长,大密度下栽培不倒伏;植株C/N比一直维持较高水平,重施底化肥、拔节肥不贪青、不早衰;群体结构合理,光能利用率较高,干物质积累多,无效损耗少;基本苗多,以苗保穗,穗数多.每穗粒数减少,千粒重比较稳定;籽粒蛋白质含量高,营养品质好.

THE PRELIMINARY STUDIES OF BREEDING CHARACTERISTIC OF THE HIGH YIELDCULTURATION IN THE LATE SOWING WINTER WHEAT

The breeding characteristics of the high yield culturation in the late sowing winter wheat have been studied at large plots for two years. The preliminary results are as follows:1 The late wheat grows fast during the middle and late period. Hence the ear sprouting stage is ahead. The plants sown lately don't ripen lately. Each plant is small, but plant shape is compact and the first and second internode at the base of stem are shorter, but the internode below ear is longer. The colony is larger but not lodging.2 Carbon nitrogen ratio is still posted on the higer level. Applying the bottom and elogation fertilizer heavily don't cause the plants late ripen and premature decay.3 The colony structure is rational and the effciency of photosynthesis is high and accumulation of day materials is large, the meaningless loss is little. 4 It's certain that there are more seedlings to ensure the ear number. The ear number is so many that the grain number per ear is reduced and the thousand grain weight is higher and the nutrient quality is better.