1B/1R易位在小麦花药培养中作用的研究

对1B×1B、1B×1B/1R和1B/1R×1B/1R三类杂交组合共23个F1及其15个亲本的花药培养效应进行了研究；并对1B×1B/1R类型9个杂交组合的593个F1花粉植株进行了根尖细胞染色体鉴定。研究结果表明：在1B背景下，1B/1R易位能显著提高小麦花粉愈伤组织诱导率、绿苗分化率和绿苗诱导率，并发现由1B×1B/1R类型杂交组合F1获得的花粉植株

A Study on the Effects of 1B/1R Translocation on Anther Culture in Wheat

Anther culture of three types of F_1 hybrids(1B 1B, 1B 1B/1R, 1B/1R 1B/1R)including 23 crosses, and their 15 parents was conducted, and the chromosomes in theroot tip cells of 593 pollen plants obtained from 9 1B 1B/1R crosses were investigated.cytogenetically. The results showed that 1B/1R translocation could significantly raisethe induction frequency of pollen callus, the regeneration frequency of green plants andthe induction frequency of green plants under 1B background. Most of the pollenplants from the F_1 hybrids of 1B 1B/1R belonged to 1B/1R type, the ratio of 1B/1Rpollen plants (having one pair of satellited chromogomes) to 1B pollen plants (havingtwo pairs of satellited chromosomes) was 4.5--14:1, deviating far from the gameteratio of 1:1, suggesting that the effect of 1B/1R translocation under 1B chromosomebackground tend to promote microspores with 1B/1R translocation to develop into pol-len embryos in the anther culture of wheat. In addition, the experimental results alsoindicated that 1B/1R translocation might reduce the regeneration frequency of alhinoplants, which, however, seemed not to be influenced by 1B chromosome.