新化合物HIA-1的除草活性评价

为明确新化合物O,O-二甲基-1-(2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酰氧基)呋喃甲基膦酸酯(HIA-1)的开发应用前景, 对其除草活性、杀草谱、对作物的安全性、施药适期、吸收部位进行了综合评价。温室盆栽试验结果表明:该化合物在有效成分用量为600 g/hm2剂量下对苘麻、反枝苋、马齿苋等常见阔叶杂草具有较高的除草活性,茎叶处理后防效在90%以上;在有效成分用量为1 600 g/hm2剂量下对小麦、玉米较安全,鲜重抑制率分别为9.06%和12.04%,对棉花、花生、大豆和油菜有明显的药害;使用适期为杂草2~3叶期。活性炭隔离和植株茎叶喷雾、灌根试验结果表明,该化合物可通过胚芽、胚根、根、茎、叶吸收进入植物体内。化合物HIA-1具有作为小麦和玉米田阔叶杂草防除药剂进一步开发应用的价值。

Evaluation on Biological Activity of New Compound HIA-1

In order to demonstrate the development and application value of a novel compound O,O-dimethyl-1-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetyloxy)-methylfuran phosphonate (HIA-1),comprehensive evaluation on the herbicidal activity,spectrum of weed control,safety to crops,application timing and absorption site of HIA-1 were carried out. The result of pot bioassay in greenhouse showed that the efficacy of HIA-1 to most familiar latifoliate weeds such as Abutilon theophrasti,Amaranthus retroflexus and Portulaca oleracea was over 90% at dosage of 600 g (a.i.)/hm². It was safe to wheat and corn at dosage of 1 600 g (a.i.)/ hm²,the fresh-weight inhibitory rate was 9.06% and 12.04% respectively,however it showed obvious phytotoxicity to cotton,peanut,soybean and cole at the same dosage.The application timing of HIA-1 was from 2 to 3-leaf stage of weeds.By the method of active carbon isolation,spraying leaves and pouring roots,the absorption site of HIA-1 was studied.The result suggested HIA-1 could be absorbed by buds,radicles,leaves,root and stems.In conclusion,HIA-1 showed potentials in controlling latifoliate weeds in wheat and corn fields.